Table 2.
Clinical presentation and outcomes between Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus
| Staphylococcus epidermidis as sole isolated (n=11) | Staphylococcus aureus as sole isolated (n=72) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 68 (8) | 65.5 (16) | 0.34 |
| Years since diagnosis of diabetesa | 16 (18) | 19 (10) | 0.87 |
| Glycated hemoglobin, proportion of total hemoglobina | 0.086 (0.029) | 0.082 (0.026) | 0.29 |
| Previous ulcer, n (%) | 7 (63.6) | 45 (62.5) | 1 |
| Previous amputation, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 37 (51.4) | 0.52 |
| Ulcer as point of entry of infection, n (%) | 11 (100) | 65 (90.3) | 0.58 |
| Ulcer duration in daysa | 60 (120) | 30 (106) | 0.06 |
| Previous antibiotherapy, n (%) | 7 (63.6) | 60 (83.3) | 0.21 |
| Fetid smelling, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 22 (30.6) | 0.73 |
| Necrosis, n (%) | 3 (27.3) | 22 (30.6) | 0.56 |
| Exposed bone, n (%) | 3 (27.3) | 17 (23.6) | 0.72 |
| Probing to bone test positive, n (%) | 9 (81.8) | 66 (91.7) | 0.28 |
| Positive signs in X-ray, n (%) | 8 (72.7) | 61 (84.7) | 0.38 |
| Ischemia, n (%) | 8 (72.7) | 38 (52.8) | 0.33 |
| White blood cell count, ×109/la | 7,380 (6,500) | 9,400 (3,838) | 0.3 |
| Leukocytosis, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 18 (25) | 0.47 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h)a | 72.5 (81) | 78 (50) | 0.55 |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/l)a | 219 (308) | 146 (186) | 0.15 |
| Conservative surgery, n (%) | 7 (63.6) | 42 (58.3) | 1 |
| Minor amputations, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 29 (40.3) | 1 |
| Major amputations, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 1 |
| Number of surgical procedures, n (%) | 1 (0) | 1 (1) | 0.43 |
| Acute osteomyelitis, n (%) | 3 (27.3) | 39 (54.2) | 0.11 |
| Chronic osteomyelitis, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 15 (20.8) | 0.26 |
| Acute exacerbation of chronic osteomyelitis, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 18 (25) | 0.47 |
| Perioperative death, n (%) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (1.4) | 0.24 |
| Hospital stay (days)a | 15 (16) | 16 (39) | 0.48 |
| Time to healing (days)a | 75 (69) | 102 (103) | 0.06 |
a
Values are expressed as median (interquartile range).