Table 2.
Potential Predictors (with reference groups) of follow-up physical activity mean TDPA
| Variables | Univariate model ratio of geometric means (95% CI) | p Value | Multivariate model ratio of geometric means (95% CI) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure to playground intervention (community of residence) compared to control (when BMI z-score is 0) | 0.90 (0.69, 1.16) | 0.417 | 1.11 (0.85, 1.44) | 0.456 |
| BMI (overall per 1 z-score unit increase) | 0.96 (0.87, 1.06) | 0.388 | ||
| For those in the control community (per 1 z-score unit increase) | 1.19 (1.06, 1.34) | 0.005 | ||
| For those in the intervention community (per 1 z-score unit increase) | 0.94 (0.83, 1.06) | 0.300 | ||
| Interaction: community by BMI z-score | 0.006 | |||
| Ethnicity (Maori/Pacific versus NZEO) | 1.16 (0.97, 1.39) | 0.099 | ||
| NZEO girls (ref. NZEO boys) | 0.75 (0.56, 0.99) | 0.039 | ||
| Maori/Pacific boy (ref. NZEO boys) | 0.84 (0.66, 1.07) | 0.154 | ||
| Maori/Pacific girls (ref. NZEO girls) | 1.24 (0.99, 1.57) | 0.062 | ||
| Interaction of sex and ethnicity | 0.019 | |||
| Participant age (per 1 year increase) | 0.92 (0.87, 0.97) | 0.004 | 0.90 (0.85, 0.94) | <0.001 |
| Non-school day (ref. school day) | 0.72 (0.63, 0.81) | <0.001 | 0.72 (0.63, 0.82) | <0.001 |
| Usually walking to school (ref. car or mixed) | 1.18 (1.01, 1.39) | 0.038 | 1.16 (1.00, 1.35) | 0.046 |
| Usually walking home from school (ref. car or mixed) | 1.08 (0.91, 1.27) | 0.378 | ||
| Dog ownership (ref. none) | 1.12 (0.93, 1.35) | 0.225 | ||
| Household motor vehicles (ref. none) | 0.367 | |||
| 1 | 0.92 (0.72, 1.18) | |||
| ≥2 | 1.05 (0.82, 1.34) | |||
| Household annual income (ref. <US$25,000) | 0.450 | |||
| $25,001–$35,000 | 1.02 (0.79, 1.31) | |||
| $35,001–$55,000 | 1.07 (0.56, 1.34) | |||
| >$55,000 | 1.18 (0.95, 1.46) | |||
| Younger siblings (ref. oldest or only child) | 1.01 (0.86, 1.18) | 0.933 | ||
| NZDep2006a (per 1 decile increase) | 1.03 (0.98, 1.07) | 0.282 | ||
| Parental perception of their neighborhood score (per 1 point increase) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 0.207 | ||
| Number of days activities (per 1 day increase) | 0.96 (0.91, 1.02) | 0.187 | ||
| Number of adults in the home (per 1 adult increase) | 0.99 (0.89, 1.10) | 0.809 | ||
| Distance between the home residence and the nearest park with a playground (per 100 m) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.01) | 0.136 | ||
| Distance from nearest park with an up-graded playground (per 100 m) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.10) | 0.569 |
BMI body mass index, calculated by dividing weight (in kilograms) by height in square meters; NZEP New Zealand European and Other, based on the New Zealand Ministry of Health’s prioritization protocol32
aNZ Index of Deprivation score based of residential address indicating the relative deprivation of the area in which participant’s lived. The most deprived areas score ten, and the least deprived, one. The score combines information from the 2006 NZ census about the relative income, home ownership, familial support, employment status, educational qualifications, living space, telephone and transport access into the index score