Table 2.
Multivariate hazard model showing interaction effects
| Adjusted Hazard Ratios--Tried Smoking | Contrasts | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White | Black | Hispanic | ||||||
| Predictor variablea | Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | |||||
| Media Exposures | ||||||||
| Movie smoking | ||||||||
| Parent(s) smoke | ||||||||
| No | 4.6 | (3.0, 6.9) | 1.1 | (0.4, 2.7) | 1.6 | (0.9, 3.1) | W > B, H; B = H | |
| Yes | 1.8 | (1.1, 2.8) | 0.8 | (0.3, 2.2) | 1.9 | (0.8, 4.4) | W = B = H | |
| Weekday television viewing | ||||||||
| Parent(s) smoke | ||||||||
| No | 0.7 | (0.4, 1.2) | 1.0 | (0.4, 2.5) | 2.4 | (1.2, 5.0) | W < H; B = H; B = W | |
| Yes | 1.1 | (0.7, 1.8) | 0.5 | (0.2, 1.2) | 0.5 | (0.3, 1.3) | W = B = H | |
| Sociodemographics | ||||||||
| Age | 1.9 | (1.5, 2.5) | W = B = H | |||||
| Social influences and school | ||||||||
| Friend(s) smoke | 2.5 | (1.8, 3.3) | W = B = H | |||||
| Sibling(s) smoke | 1.3 | (1.1, 1.6) | W = B = H | |||||
| Either parent smokes | 2.2 | (1.4, 3.4) | W = B = H | |||||
| Parenting style | 0.8 | (0.7, 0.9) | W = B = H | |||||
| Poorer school performance | 2.0 | (1.3, 3.0) | W = B = H | |||||
| Characteristics of the adolescent | ||||||||
| Sensation seeking | 2.7 | (2.0, 3.5) | W = B = H | |||||
| Rebelliousness | 1.3 | (1.0, 1.8) | W = B = H | |||||
aOther variables not associated with trying smoking: parent education, adolescent gender, extracurricular activities and main effects for race/ethnicity. Baseline hazard increases significantly at 16M and 24M compared to 8M