Table 1. Characteristics of the 22 non-coding loci sequenced in gadwalls.

Locus	Abbreviation1	Location2	Intron #	Length (bp)	π 3	Φst 3	Tajima's D 3
Chromo-helicase-DNA binding protein gene 1	CHD1Z	Z/Z	19	270	0.0015	0.038*	−0.67
Lactate dehydrogenase 1	LDHB	1/1A	3	460–461	0.0008	0.143***	−0.96
T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 (surface antigen)	CD4	1/1	5	345	0.0010	−0.002	−2.14**
S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase	FAST	2/2	2	319–322	0.0027	0.026	−1.13
Ornithine decarboxylase	ODC1	3/3	5	275–295	0.0143	0.010	−0.66
Fibrinogen beta chain	FGB	4/4	7	433	0.0076	0.032*	−0.61
Serum amyloid A	SAA	5/5	2	347–351	0.0195	0.053**	−0.22
Annexin A11	ANXA11	6/6	5	405	0.0061	0.132***	−0.41
Myostatin	MSTN	7/7	2	291	0.0175	0.026*	−0.20
Sterol O-acyltransferase 1	SOAT1	8/?	12	352	0.0071	−0.014	0.72
Nucleolin	NCL	9/9	12	329–341	0.0260	0.068**	0.69
Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	LCAT	?/11	2	308–339	0.0215	0.036**	0.66
Preproghrelin	GHRL	12/?	3	348–351	0.0220	0.191***	0.10
Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D aspartate I	GRIN1	17/17	11	290	0.0004	0.014	−1.28
Sex determining region Y-box 9	SOX9	18/18	2	352–381	0.0295	0.045***	−0.04
Carboxypeptidase D	CPD	19/19	9	304–328	0.0293	0.092***	1.11
Phosphenolpyruvate carboxykinase	PCK1	20/20	9	324–325	0.0036	0.001	0.43
Alpha enolase 1	ENO1	21/21	8	164–175	0.0062	0.089***	−1.03*
Alpha-B crystallin	CRYAB	24/24	1	294	0.0015	0.147**	−0.14
Growth hormone 1	GH1	27/1?	3	363	0.0018	0.005	−0.33
Splicing factor 3A subunit 2	Sf3A2	28/?	8	305	0.0004	0.007	−1.43*
Tetranucleotide microsatellite repeat A27E1	A27E1	?/?	NA	171–183	0.0027	0.292***	−0.67*

¹Locus abbreviations follow standards put forth by the Chicken Gene Nomenclature Committee [41].

²Chromosomal location within the chicken genome and the zebrafinch genome, respectively. ? = unknown.

³Summary statistics exclude regions containing gaps;

*p<0.05,

**p<0.01,

***p<0.001.