Complementation of the E. coli ΔselA mutant with phosphoseryl-tRNASec kinase (PSTK) and SepCysS. The in vivo activities of M. jannaschii wild-type and mutant (K234A, C64A, C67A, C272A, C209A, and C113A) SepCysS converting Sep-tRNASec to Cys-tRNASec were tested by their ability to restore formate dehydrogenase H activity in the E. coli ΔselA mutant. The complementation was observed by formation of purple colonies resulted from reduction of benzyl viologen with formate. The complementation required co-expression of phosphoseryl-tRNASec kinase, which converts Ser-tRNASec to Sep-tRNASec.