. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Perinatol. 2012 Jan 11;39(1):83–98. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2011.12.008

Table 2.

Fluconazole Prophylaxis Studies

Author/Year	Study Design	Population	N	Drug Regimen	Outcomes
Aydemir⁹ 2010	RCT	VLBW	93 FP 94 NP 91 Placebo	fluconazole: 3 mg/kg q 3 days nystatin: 1 ml every 8 hours	IC rate 3% FP, 4% NP vs. 17% placebo (p<0.001) Similar mortality: 9% FP, 9% NP, 12% placebo
Rueda⁵⁷ 2010	retrospective cohort	<1250 g	252 FP 272 Control	3 mg/kg every q 48 hours	IC rate decreased 8% control – 1% FP (p=0.007) IC-related mortality decreased 6% to 1% (p=0.003)
Aziz⁵² 2010	retrospective cohort	ELBW	163 FP 99 Control	3 mg/kg q 48–72 hours	IC rate decreased 7% control – 2% FP (p=0.045)
Weitkamp⁵⁸ 2008	retrospective cohort	<750 g	42 FP 44 Control	3 mg/kg twice weekly	IC rate decreased 20% control – 0% FP (p=0.004) Similar mortality: 20% control, 26% FP
Healy⁵⁴ 2008	retrospective cohort	ELBW	362 FP 206 Control	3 mg/kg q 24–72 hours	IC rate decreased 7% control – 2% FP (p=0.003) IC-related mortality 2% control, 0% FP (p=0.1)
Parikh¹³ 2007	RCT	VLBW	60 FP 60 Placebo	3 mg/kg q 24–72 hours	IC rate 25% placebo – 26% FP (p=0.835) Same mortality: 28% in both groups
Manzoni¹² 2007	RCT	VLBW	112 HD 104 LD 106 Placebo	6 mg/kg (HD) or 3 mg/kg (LD) q 48–72 hours	IC rate decreased 13% (placebo) – 3% HD (p=0.05) and 13.2% (placebo) – 3.8% LD (p=0.002) Similar mortality: 8% HD, 10% LD, and 9% placebo
McCrossan⁵⁶ 2007	retrospective cohort	VLBW	31 FP 33 Control	6 mg/kg q 24–72 hours	IC rate decreased 6% control – 0% FP (p=0.03) IC-related mortality: 12% control, 0% FP (p=0.11)
Manzoni⁵⁵ 2006	retrospective cohort	VLBW	225 FP 240 Control	6 mg/kg q 48–72 hours	IC rate decreased 17% control – 5% FP (p<0.0001) Similar mortality: 11% control, 11% FP
Kaufman⁵⁹ 2005	RCT	ELBW	41 FP previous 40 FP twice/week	3 mg/kg twice weekly or q 24– 72 hours	IC rate 5% previous – 3% twice a week (p=0.68) Similar mortality: 13% control, 8% FP (p=8.1%)
Bertini⁵³ 2005	retrospective cohort	VLBW	136 FP 119 Control	6 mg/kg q 24–72 hours	IC rate decreased from 8% control – 0% FP (p=0.003)
Healy⁶⁰ 2005	retrospective cohort	ELBW	240 FP 206 Control	3 mg/kg q 24–72 hours	IC rate decreased 7% control – 2% FP (p=0.01) IC-related mortality: 12% control, 0% FP (p=0.4)
Kicklighter¹¹ 2001	RCT	VLBW	53 FP 50 Placebo	6 mg/kg q 24–72 hours	Fungal colonization decreased 46% placebo – 15% FP (p=0.0005) IC rate or mortality not related
Kaufman¹⁰ 2001	RCT	ELBW	50 FP 50 Placebo	3 mg/kg q 24–72 hours	IC rate decreased 20% placebo – 0% FP (p=0.008) Similar mortality: 20% placebo, 8% FP (p=0.22)

FP: fluconazole prophylaxis group; NP: nystatin prophylaxis group; IC: invasive candidiasis; HD: high-dosage group; LD: low-dosage group; RCT: randomized controlled trial.