Table 4.
Prevalence of hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV), hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) and surface antigen (HBsAg) among IDUs in the Americas
| Country | Prevalence of anti-HCV among IDUs (%) | Prevalence of anti-HBc among IDUs (%) | Prevalence of HBsAg among IDUs (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate year | Lower | Midpt | Upper | Grade | Estimate year | Lower | Midpt | Upper | Grade | Estimate year | Lower | Midpt | Upper | Grade | |
| Caribbean# | |||||||||||||||
| Bahamas | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Bermuda | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Dominican Republic | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Haiti | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Jamaica | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Latin America | |||||||||||||||
| Argentina | 2000–01 | -- | 54.6 | -- | B1 | -- | NK | -- | 2000–01 | -- | 8.6 | -- | B1 | ||
| Bolivia | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Brazil | 2000–01 | -- | 63.9 | -- | B1 | 1994–96 | -- | 55.8 | -- | B2 | 2000 | -- | 2.3 | -- | C |
| Chile | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Colombia | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Costa Rica | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Ecuador | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| El Salvador | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Guatemala | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Honduras | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Mexico | 2005 | 96 | 97.4 | 98.7 | B1 | 2005 | -- | 85.0 | -- | B1 | -- | NK | -- | ||
| Nicaragua | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Panama | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Paraguay | 2006 | -- | 9.8 | -- | C | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||
| Peru | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Suriname | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| Uruguay | 2003 | -- | 21.9 | -- | C | 2003 | -- | 19.6 | -- | C | 2003 | -- | 4.5 | -- | C |
| Venezuela | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||||
| North America | |||||||||||||||
| Canada | 2005–08 | 51 | 64 | 77 | A | -- | NK | -- | -- | NK | -- | ||||
| USA | 2002–04, 2001 | 69.7 | 73.4 | 77 | B2 | 2002–04 | -- | 22.6 | -- | A | 1992 | 3.5 | 11.8 | 20 | B1, B2 |
Countries in Latin America for which no reports of IDU identified: Belize, Falkland Islands, Guyana. Countries in the Caribbean for which no reports of IDU identified: Anguilla, Antigua & Barbuda, Aruba, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Grenada, Guadaloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent & Grenadines, Trinidad & Tobago Turks and Caicos Islands. Notes: For source documents for all figures listed in tables see webappendix 4. NK – although IDU has been identified or IDU prevalence estimated, no eligible studies of HCV or HBV among IDUs were located. When more than one year or grade is given, these are listed in order of the estimate they refer to, i.e. lower followed by upper.
A study in San Juan, Puerto Rico found 89% HCV prevalence46.