Table 1.
EMX2 mRNA Expression and Clinical Characteristics in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients
| Characteristics | Adenocarcinoma and BAC (N = 144) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | EMX2 Expression | P Value | ||
| Age (Years) | |||||
| Median | 67.6 ± 0.9 | – | – | – | – |
| Range | 41–91 | – | – | – | – |
| Whole | – | 144 | 100 | 21.36 ± 4.68 | – |
| Young (< 50) | – | 9 | 6.2 | 8.36 ± 6.13 | – |
| Middle (50–75) | – | 98 | 68.1 | 20.79 ± 5.66 | – |
| Old (> 75) | – | 37 | 25.7 | 26.04 ± 10.29 | NS |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | – | 54 | 37.5 | 15.34 ± 5.91 | – |
| Female | – | 90 | 62.5 | 24.97 ± 6.58 | P = .04 |
| Race | |||||
| Caucasian | – | 110 | 76.4 | 20.39 ± 5.43 | – |
| Asian | – | 22 | 15.3 | 20.42 ± 10.50 | – |
| Others | – | 12 | 8.3 | 31.04 ± 20.21 | NS |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never | – | 33 | 22.9 | 19.54 ± 8.20 | – |
| Smoker | – | 107 | 74.3 | 21.27 ± 5.73 | – |
| Past | – | 68 | 47.2 | 24.56 ± 8.22 | – |
| Current | – | 39 | 27.1 | 15.55 ± 6.50 | – |
| Unknown | – | 4 | 2.8 | 38.62 ± 21.72 | NS |
| Pack Per Year | |||||
| Median | 34.4 ± 3.0 | – | – | – | – |
| Range | 0–160 | – | – | – | – |
| Sex, Smoking | |||||
| Male, Smoker | – | 46 | 31.9 | 17.11 ± 6.91 | – |
| Male, Non-smoker | – | 8 | 5.6 | 5.18 ± 2.66 | – |
| Female, Smoker | – | 61 | 42.4 | 24.41 ± 8.63 | – |
| Female, Non-smoker | – | 25 | 17.3 | 24.14 ± 10.68 | – |
| Unknown | – | 4 | 2.8 | 38.62 ± 21.72 | NS |
| Tumor Size (cm) | |||||
| Median | 3.5 ± 0.2 | – | – | – | – |
| Range | 0.8–13.0 | – | – | – | – |
| 3 cm or less | – | 76 | 52.8 | 28.74 ± 8.02 | – |
| Over 3 cm | – | 68 | 47.2 | 13.24 ± 4.11 | NS |
| Pathologic Stage | |||||
| Stage I | – | 91 | 63.2 | 18.55 ± 4.29 | – |
| Stage II | – | 18 | 12.5 | 16.09 ± 11.19 | – |
| Stage III | – | 25 | 17.4 | 15.70 ± 8.57 | – |
| Stage IV | – | 10 | 6.9 | 72.00 ± 46.35 | NS |
| Histology | |||||
| Adenocarcinoma | – | 81 | 56.3 | 26.03 ± 7.56 | – |
| BAC | – | 63 | 43.7 | 15.35 ± 4.42 | – |
| Mixed BAC | – | 42 | 29.1 | 18.24 ± 6.34 | – |
| Pure BAC | – | 21 | 14.6 | 9.57 ± 3.83 | NS |
| ECOG PS | |||||
| 0 | – | 76 | 52.8 | 19.31 ± 4.90 | – |
| 1 | – | 29 | 20.1 | 11.18 ± 6.53 | – |
| 2 | – | 6 | 4.2 | 1.73 ± 0.70 | – |
| Unknown | – | 33 | 22.9 | 38.60 ± 15.80 | NS |
| Surgical Procedure | |||||
| Wedge Resection | – | 13 | 9.0 | 44.31 ± 33.91 | – |
| Segmentectomy | – | 5 | 3.5 | 15.17 ± 10.23 | – |
| Lobectomy | – | 113 | 78.5 | 19.74 ± 4.43 | – |
| Bilobectomy | – | 7 | 4.9 | 17.45 ± 14.72 | – |
| Pnumonectomy | – | 6 | 4.1 | 11.83 ± 11.07 | NS |
| Vital Status | |||||
| Alive | – | 91 | 63.2 | 30.51 ± 7.16 | – |
| Dead | – | 53 | 36.8 | 5.64 ± 1.91 | P = .003 |
| Recurrence | |||||
| Positive | – | 55 | 38.2 | 6.48 ± 2.11 | – |
| Negative | – | 74 | 51.4 | 22.75 ± 5.46 | P = .007 |
| Follow-up (Months) | |||||
| Median | 41.6 ± 2.3 | – | – | – | – |
| Range | 0.3–117.3 | – | – | – | – |
Abbreviations: BAC = bronchioloalveolar carcinoma; ECOG PS = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; EMX2 = empty spiracles homeobox 2; NS = not significant.