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. 2010 Nov 20;5(1):79–88. doi: 10.1007/s11869-010-0104-5

Table 2.

Concentrations of the PM2.5, BC, trace elements, and ions analyzed in the samples collected in the six cities evaluated

Variable São Paulo Rio de Janeiro Belo Horizonte Curitiba Recife Porto Alegre
Cases Mean±SD Cases Mean±SD Cases Mean±SD Cases Mean±SD Cases Mean±SD Cases Mean±SD
PMa2.5 201 28 ± 13 150 20 ± 11 188 17 ± 7 138 16 ± 8 148 12 ± 4 173 18 ± 13
BCa 201 10 ± 6 150 3 ± 2 188 5 ± 3 138 4 ± 3 145 2 ± 1 173 4 ± 4
Al 160 55 ± 61 125 50 ± 59 168 53 ± 44 127 46 ± 43 116 40 ± 62 122 43 ± 46
Si 201 128 ± 125 149 121 ± 128 189 203 ± 134 156 87 ± 86 147 91 ± 115 167 77 ± 86
P 197 22 ± 16 33 12 ± 13 144 4 ± 4 127 5 ± 5 81 3 ± 3 145 6 ± 7
S 201 937 ± 517 150 658 ± 449 189 368 ± 184 156 383 ± 261 148 191 ± 111 173 353 ± 311
Cl 191 91 ± 153 137 52 ± 81 137 10 ± 13 94 29 ± 113 144 132 ± 155 127 97 ± 174
K 201 239 ± 211 149 178 ± 166 188 190 ± 130 156 286 ± 343 147 142 ± 158 173 272 ± 291
Ca 201 85 ± 89 148 41 ± 36 189 97 ± 61 157 44 ± 46 147 54 ± 37 170 38 ± 36
Ti 201 9 ± 9 150 6 ± 5 188 5 ± 4 154 4 ± 4 148 3 ± 3 170 4 ± 5
V 193 2 ± 1 149 4 ± 3 188 2 ± 1 97 0.7 ± 0.8 99 0.4 ± 0.3 127 9 ± 9
Cr 188 2 ± 2 147 2 ± 1 146 0.6 ± 0.6 94 0.7 ± 0.7 74 0.5 ± 0.4 115 1 ± 1
Mn 200 6 ± 4 148 4 ± 3 187 39 ± 42 94 2 ± 3 127 2 ± 3 158 3 ± 3
Fe 201 181 ± 123 150 75 ± 55 189 133 ± 82 156 70 ± 46 148 65 ± 51 172 74 ± 98
Ni 139 1 ± 1 140 3 ± 2 165 0.7 ± 0.6 59 0.7 ± 0.7 75 0.4 ± 0.4 67 1 ± 1
Cu 183 10 ± 8 146 8 ± 6 75 1 ± 2 99 3 ± 4 81 1 ± 1 107 3 ± 4
Zn 199 75 ± 65 149 25 ± 22 189 15 ± 14 157 19 ± 36 146 19 ± 25 172 17 ± 20
Br 182 4 ± 4 150 6 ± 4 178 3 ± 2 143 3 ± 3 148 3 ± 3 153 3 ± 2
Pb 162 16 ± 13 149 12 ± 10 168 6 ± 8 142 8 ± 10 118 4 ± 4 138 4 ± 4
Cl−a 208 0.2 ± 0.3 69 0.1 ± 0.3 99 0.04 ± 0.03 47 0.07 ± 0.15 48 0.2 ± 0.2 92 0.2 ± 0.2
NO3−a 208 1 ± 1 69 0.6 ± 0.8 99 0.2 ± 0.1 47 0.2 ± 0.1 48 0.11 ± 0.06 92 0.4 ± 0.4
SO2−a4 208 3 ± 2 69 1.9 ± 1.4 99 1.2 ± 0.5 47 1.1 ± 0.7 48 0.6 ± 0.3 92 1.2 ± 0.9
Na+a 208 0.2 ± 0.2 69 0.2 ± 0.1 99 0.08 ± 0.04 47 0.10 ± 0.05 48 0.3 ± 0.1 92 0.2 ± 0.1
NH+a4 208 1.2 ± 0.9 69 0.8 ± 0.8 99 0.3 ± 0.2 47 0.4 ± 0.3 48 0.2 ± 0.1 92 0.4 ± 0.4

All concentrations are in nanograms per cubic meter, except where otherwise noted

aConcentrations in micrograms per cubic meter