PHB is upregulated in models of ischemic preconditioning in vivo and in vitro. A, PHB is upregulated in mitochondria of brains preconditioned by BCCAO. B, Quantification of band intensity in A (*p < 0.05; n = 7). C, PHB is upregulated in cell lysates from neuronal cultures preconditioned with OGD. D, Quantification of band intensity in C (*p < 0.05; n = 7/group). E, Neurons preconditioned with a nonlethal OGD episode are more resistant to damage produced by lethal OGD. Cell viability was assessed by morphological criteria 24 h after lethal OGD (*p < 0.05; n = 4/group with >1000 cells/group). Error bars indicate SEM.