Table 1.

Estimated resource selection function coefficients for bison and cattle at the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve, OK, USA and cattle at the Oklahoma State University Research Range, OK, USA. Model parameters include distance to water (m), distance to fire patch edge (m), slope (%), elevation (m), fire patch area (ha), northing and easting (°; both derivatives of aspect), woody vegetation, and time since fire (days). Standardized variables shown for coefficient comparison. Letters indicate overlap in confidence interval (95%) within species and research location; confidence intervals calculated using bootstrapping procedures (1000 iterations)

Bison, Tallgrass Prairie Preserve	Estimate	SE	Z-value	P
Intercept	−1.2901	0.0058	−220.34	<0.01
Time since fire	−0.7373	0.0033	−222.68	<0.01
Distance to water	−0.0100a	0.0023	−4.62	<0.01
Slope	−0.4370	0.0033	−130.67	<0.01
Distance to patch edge	−0.0133a	0.0027	−4.9	<0.01
Woody vegetation	−1.0759	0.0178	−60.33	<0.01
Elevation	0.1604	0.0025	62.42	<0.01
Patch area	−0.3460	0.0034	−100.85	<0.01
Time since fire × distance to water	0.0952	0.0024	38.83	<0.01
Time since fire × slope	−0.1523	0.0039	−38.15	<0.01
Time since fire × distance to patch edge	−0.1161	0.0031	−37.36	<0.01
Time since fire × woody	0.0521	0.0217	2.40	0.01
Time since fire × elevation	−0.1356	0.0027	−49.09	<0.01
Time since fire × patch area	−0.5156	0.0054	−95.27	<0.01

Cattle, Tallgrass Prairie Preserve	Estimate	SE	Z-value	P
Intercept	3.4719	0.4446	7.81	<0.01
Time since fire	−0.6959	0.0041	−168.44	<0.01
Distance to water	−0.0214	0.0032	−6.68	<0.01
Slope	−0.2079	0.0034	−60.31	<0.01
Distance to patch edge	−0.0798	0.0030	−26.61	<0.01
Woody vegetation	0.9805	0.0190	51.53	<0.01
Elevation	0.0121	0.0037	3.27	<0.01
Northing	−0.0075a	0.0025	−2.97	<0.01
Easting	−0.0077a	0.0025	−3.04	<0.01
Time since fire × distance to water	−0.1661	0.0041	−39.94	<0.01
Time since fire × slope	−0.1800	0.0045	−39.28	<0.01
Time since fire × distance to patch edge	0.0317	0.0029	10.79	<0.01
Time since fire × woody	0.3297	0.0182	18.07	<0.01
Time since fire × elevation	−0.0558	0.0045	−12.25	<0.01

Cattle, Research Range	Estimate	SE	Z-value	P
Intercept	−1.3277	0.0032	−413.47	<0.01
Time since fire	−0.7614	0.0033	−224.54	<0.01
Distance to water	0.1398	0.0028	48.69	<0.01
Slope	−0.1010	0.0030	−33.39	<0.01
Woody vegetation	0.5993	0.0081	−73.24	<0.01
Northing	0.0151a	0.0026	5.62	<0.01
Easting	0.0061a	0.0026	2.28	0.02
Time since fire × distance to water	−0.0387b	0.0029	−13.05	<0.01
Time since fire × slope	−0.0292b	0.0033	−8.78	<0.01
Time since fire × woody	0.2355	0.0088	26.72	<0.01