Table 3.
GLM analysis for traits of (1) growth, (2) leaf morphology, and (3) biomass of R. ponticum seedlings after 12 weeks. All variables were rank transformed prior to analysis. Listed are effects of taxon, temperature treatments, light conditions, water conditions, and their interactions as fixed effects. ANOVA was performed with populations as random factor nested within taxon (n = 360)
| Source of variation | RGR Height | RGR no. of leaves | RGR leaf length | RGR leaf width | Leaf length | Leaf width | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | |
| Taxon | 4 | 7.48 | *** | 4 | 3.84 | * | 4 | 18 | *** | 4 | 8.73 | *** | 4 | 13.8 | *** | 4 | 6.75 | *** |
| Error | 25.8 | 25.8 | 25.7 | 25.9 | 25.6 | 25.6 | ||||||||||||
| Temperature | 2 | 0.47 | 2 | 15.98 | *** | 2 | 102 | *** | 2 | 86.3 | *** | 2 | 77.6 | *** | 2 | 69.8 | *** | |
| Taxon × temperature | 8 | 1.83 | 8 | 2.22 | 8 | 2.8 | ** | 8 | 2.13 | * | 8 | 0.96 | 8 | 1.15 | ||||
| Light | 1 | 987 | *** | 1 | 759.3 | *** | 1 | 759 | *** | 1 | 705 | *** | 1 | 737 | *** | 1 | 743 | *** |
| Taxon × light | 4 | 4.6 | ** | 4 | 0.75 | 4 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.43 | 4 | 2.23 | 4 | 2.36 | |||||
| Temperature × light | 2 | 0.37 | 2 | 5.39 | ** | 2 | 23.2 | *** | 2 | 11.1 | *** | 2 | 19.8 | *** | 2 | 18.5 | *** | |
| Taxon × temperature × light | 8 | 1.02 | 8 | 1.64 | 8 | 4.45 | *** | 8 | 3.23 | ** | 8 | 1.18 | 8 | 1.82 | ||||
| Water | 1 | 1.95 | 1 | 1.24 | 1 | 0.34 | 1 | 3.53 | 1 | 0.02 | 1 | 1.18 | ||||||
| Taxon × water | 4 | 0.54 | 4 | 0.97 | 4 | 0.8 | 4 | 0.38 | 4 | 0.6 | 4 | 0.23 | ||||||
| Temperature × water | 2 | 0.56 | 2 | 0.53 | 2 | 0.97 | 2 | 0.89 | 2 | 0.34 | 2 | 1.68 | ||||||
| Taxon × temperature × water | 8 | 0.76 | 8 | 0.76 | 8 | 1.76 | 8 | 1.48 | 8 | 0.77 | 8 | 1.03 | ||||||
| Light × water | 1 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.41 | 1 | 0.16 | 1 | 0.35 | 1 | 0.05 | 1 | 0.14 | ||||||
| Taxon × light × water | 4 | 0.25 | 4 | 0.16 | 4 | 2.06 | 4 | 3.57 | ** | 4 | 0.67 | 4 | 0.58 | |||||
| Temperature × light × water | 2 | 2.54 | 2 | 0.01 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2.7 | 2 | 1.21 | 2 | 1.32 | ||||||
| Taxon × temperature × light × water | 8 | 0.48 | 8 | 0.37 | 8 | 1.27 | 8 | 1.03 | 8 | 0.42 | 8 | 0.55 | ||||||
| Pop(taxon) | 25 | 1.94 | ** | 25 | 1.91 | ** | 25 | 1.96 | ** | 25 | 1.64 | * | 25 | 2.43 | *** | 25 | 2.34 | *** |
| Error: MS(error) | 264 | 264 | 264 | 264 | 264 | 264 | ||||||||||||
| Source of variation | Leaf length–width ratio | SLA | Shoot biomass | Root biomass | Shoot–root ratio | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | df | F | P | ||||
| Taxon | 4 | 32.8 | *** | 4 | 9.61 | *** | 4 | 6.42 | ** | 4 | 3.45 | * | 4 | 10 | *** | |||
| Error | 25.6 | 27.9 | 25.8 | 25.9 | 27.3 | |||||||||||||
| Temperature | 2 | 37.3 | *** | 2 | 1.24 | 2 | 11.2 | *** | 2 | 8.87 | *** | 2 | 0.68 | |||||
| Taxon × temperature | 8 | 1.26 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 0.89 | 8 | 1.95 | 8 | 4.78 | *** | |||||||
| Light | 1 | 190 | *** | 1 | 120.5 | *** | 1 | 877 | *** | 1 | 721 | *** | 1 | 25.2 | *** | |||
| Taxon × light | 4 | 6.05 | *** | 4 | 3.76 | ** | 4 | 1.04 | 4 | 5.98 | *** | 4 | 11 | *** | ||||
| Temperature × light | 2 | 6.82 | ** | 2 | 19.17 | *** | 2 | 4.63 | * | 2 | 2.9 | 2 | 2.38 | |||||
| Taxon × temperature × light | 8 | 1.42 | 8 | 1.49 | 8 | 1.28 | 8 | 0.5 | 8 | 1.96 | ||||||||
| Water | 1 | 3.62 | 1 | 2.61 | 1 | 2.44 | 1 | 0.02 | 1 | 2.76 | ||||||||
| Taxon × water | 4 | 2.05 | 4 | 0.26 | 4 | 0.61 | 4 | 0.2 | 4 | 1.57 | ||||||||
| Temperature × water | 2 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.18 | 2 | 1.96 | 2 | 0.93 | ||||||||
| Taxon × temperature × water | 8 | 1.09 | 8 | 0.74 | 8 | 0.12 | 8 | 0.75 | 8 | 1.01 | ||||||||
| Light × water | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.03 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.25 | 1 | 0.01 | ||||||||
| Taxon × light × water | 4 | 0.57 | 4 | 0.27 | 4 | 2.84 | * | 4 | 3.16 | * | 4 | 0.1 | ||||||
| Temperature × light × water | 2 | 1.48 | 2 | 2.2 | 2 | 0.95 | 2 | 0.18 | 2 | 1.06 | ||||||||
| Taxon × temperature × light × water | 8 | 1.27 | 8 | 1.28 | 8 | 0.42 | 8 | 1.09 | 8 | 0.79 | ||||||||
| Pop(taxon) | 25 | 2.42 | *** | 25 | 1.2 | 25 | 2.35 | *** | 25 | 2.5 | *** | 25 | 1.05 | |||||
| Error: MS(error) | 264 | 255 | 262 | 254 | 254 | |||||||||||||