Figure 4.

Invasion triangles for Alliaria petiolata, Berberis thunbergii, and Microstegium vimineum based on information provided by Eschtruth and Battles (2009). Top panel is the conceptual invasion triangle, and the bottom panel is triangles for each species with the sides scaled relative to each other. The values in the parentheses reported relative importance (Akaike Information Criteria weights) of each variable. The values on the site biotic side are first enemy release and second are species diversity. No variables were reported that corresponded with the invader attribute side of the triangle, thus as a default, that side is scaled to one although other values may also be appropriate.