Table A4.

Estimates of pairwise genetic differentiation among 19 populations of common pochard. Location abbreviations are given in Table A1, and are shown in bold for breeding populations. Above the diagonal are pairwise Φ_ST values for mtDNA and below the diagonal are pairwise F_ST values for microsatellites. Values shown in bold indicate significant genetic differentiation after Bonferroni correction

	CZSb	CZDi	FISo	LAKa	RUYe	RUBl	CNLf	SPSe	UKLe	FRSa	FRIn	FRCa	CHOb	ITVa	ITVe	DEBs	BEBr	IRCs	CNCh
CZSb	−	0.0697	0.1328	0.0773	0.0982	0.0695	0.0743	0.0349	0.0116	0.0503	0.0386	0.0502	0.1281	0.0466	0.0680	−0.0100	0.0684	0.0777	0.0202
CZDi	0.0229	−	0.1521	−0.0154	−0.0162	0.0196	0.0085	−0.0119	0.0144	0.0138	0.0389	0.0052	0.0262	0.0035	−0.0006	−0.0378	−0.0096	−0.0044	0.0306
FISo	0.0137	0.0239	−	0.1984	0.1942	0.1718	0.1423	0.1118	0.0726	0.1198	0.1437	0.1255	0.2342	0.1728	0.1497	0.0654	0.1638	0.1418	0.1259
LAKa	0.0082	0.0183	0.0088	−	−0.0076	0.0242	−0.0011	0.0417	0.0053	0.0356	−0.0050	0.0654	0.0396	0.0131	−0.0189	−0.0304	−0.0338	−0.0152	0.0257
RUYe	0.0363	0.0357	0.0299	0.0194	−	0.0604	0.0263	0.0256	0.0151	0.0578	0.0072	0.0605	0.0365	0.0026	0.0268	−0.0044	0.0196	––0.0013	0.0426
RUBl	0.0205	0.0148	0.0167	0.0219	0.0542	−	−0.0016	0.0167	0.0214	0.0308	0.0457	0.0322	0.0455	0.0787	−0.0219	−0.0507	−0.0144	0.0155	0.0342
CNLf	0.0036	−0.0038	0.0097	0.0047	0.0301	0.0089	−	−0.0219	0.0068	0.0113	0.0206	0.0288	0.0133	0.0309	−0.0176	−0.0571	−0.0214	−0.0270	0.0376
SPSe	0.0182	0.0142	0.0080	0.0112	0.0184	0.0323	0.0148	−	0.0137	0.0455	0.0126	0.0387	0.0494	0.0151	0.0240	−0.0574	−0.0028	−0.0146	0.0478
UKLe	0.0006	0.0200	0.0104	0.0051	0.0249	0.0005	−0.0082	0.0098	−	−0.0233	−0.0258	−0.0347	0.0537	−0.0140	−0.0005	−0.0700	0.0105	−0.0070	−0.0085
FRSa	0.0144	−0.0048	0.0190	0.0152	0.0536	−0.0044	−0.0078	0.0088	−0.0139	−	0.0220	−0.0312	0.0380	0.0199	0.0037	−0.0471	0.0441	0.0075	0.0273
FRIn	0.0270	0.0020	0.0085	0.0144	0.0211	0.0231	0.0018	0.0133	0.0229	0.0103	−	0.0262	0.0767	0.0141	0.0075	−0.0533	0.0052	0.0101	−0.0020
FRCa	0.0305	0.0078	0.0514	0.0344	0.0710	0.0103	−0.0020	0.0365	0.0099	−0.0213	0.0325	−	0.0319	0.0284	0.0176	−0.0350	0.0425	0.0164	0.0460
CHOb	0.0066	0.0072	0.0117	0.0150	0.0366	0.0151	−0.0065	0.0081	−0.0036	−0.0011	0.0129	0.0143	−	0.0092	0.0257	0.0160	0.0371	0.0032	0.1067
ITVa	−0.0020	−0.0024	−0.0009	−0.0139	0.0113	0.0116	−0.0129	−0.0134	−0.0116	−0.0102	−0.0104	0.0048	−0.0116	−	0.0412	−0.0121	0.0515	−0.0011	0.0496
ITVe	−0.0045	0.0131	0.0309	0.0233	0.0311	0.0293	0.0086	0.0059	0.0012	0.0164	0.0263	0.0176	−0.0001	−0.0068	−	−0.0628	−0.0410	−0.0063	0.0215
DEBs	0.0241	0.0090	0.0375	0.0071	0.0453	0.0086	−0.0044	0.0080	0.0169	0.0087	0.0148	0.0050	0.0169	0.0001	0.0302	−	−0.0526	−0.0422	−0.0372
BEBr	−0.0030	0.0005	0.0177	0.0186	0.0426	0.0010	−0.0122	0.0231	−0.0061	−0.0142	0.0166	−0.0027	−0.0079	−0.0145	−0.0027	0.0213	−	−0.0115	0.0232
IRCs	0.0317	0.0080	0.0132	0.0153	0.0117	0.0103	0.0202	0.0198	0.0124	0.0036	0.0065	0.0309	0.0215	−0.0057	0.0519	0.0404	0.0046	−	0.0411
CNCh	0.0041	0.0050	0.0169	0.0223	0.0174	0.0247	−0.0043	0.0268	0.0120	0.0172	0.0211	0.0227	0.0049	0.0010	−0.0017	0.0400	−0.0008	0.0250	−