Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics and 30-Day Abstinence at 1 Year

Characteristic	Intake	1-year abstinence
		Yes	No	p
Gender (%)				.2335
Girls (n = 138)	35.9	51.4	48.6
Boys (n = 246)	64.1	45.1	54.9
Age, mean years (SD)	16.1	15.9	16.3	.0005
Ethnicity (%)				.2515
African American (n = 57)	14.9	50.9	49.1
Native American (n = 36)	9.4	36.1	63.9
Latino (n = 77)	20.1	44.2	55.8
Asian (n = 23)	6.0	65.2	34.8
White (n = 190)	49.6	47.4	52.6
FES Conflict Scale (%)				.8178
Score=6–9 (n = 141)	37.0	45.4	54.6
Score=3.375–5.625 (n = 123)	32.3	48.8	51.2
Score=0–3 (n = 117)	30.7	48.7	51.3
CASI-A Limit Setting Scale (%)				.1415
Score=0.5–1 (n = 171)	45.7	45.0	55.0
Score=0.25–0.33 (n = 88)	23.5	42.1	58.0
Score=0 (n = 115)	30.8	54.8	45.2
CASI-A Positive Family Experiences Scale (%)				.7605
Score=1 (n = 229)	60.4	47.6	52.4
Score=0–0.67 (n = 150)	39.6	46.0	54.0
Psychiatric diagnosis (%)				.4622
Had diagnosis (n = 214)	55.7	49.1	50.9
No diagnosis (n = 170)	44.3	45.3	54.7
Any medical diagnosis (%)				.3347
Had diagnosis (n = 281)	73.2	45.9	54.1
No diagnosis (n = 103)	26.8	51.5	48.5
No. of substance-using friends (%)				.0002
<4 substance-using friends (n = 82)	23.5	64.6	35.4
≥ 4 substance-using friends (n = 267)	76.5	40.8	59.2
Referred by legal (%)				.0222
Was referred (n = 116)	30.5	38.8	61.2
Was not referred (n = 264)	69.5	51.5	48.5
Referral by friend (%)				.0224
Was referred (n = 76)	20.0	59.2	40.8
Was not referred (n = 305)	80.1	44.6	55.4
Parent with substance problem				.9254
Had substance problem	37.5	47.2	52.8
Had no substance problem	62.5	47.7	52.3
From baseline to 1-year follow-up
Attended 10 or more 12-step meetings				.0462
Attended (157)		46.1	36.1
Did not attend (227)		53.9	63.9

Note. CASI = Comprehensive Adolescent Severity Inventory; FES = Family Environment Scale.