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. 2012 Feb 27;7(2):e30891. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030891

Table 6. Combination of clinical symptoms and signs in 800 patients with pulmonary embolism (Pisa versus Firenze).

Pisa (N = 440) Firenze (N = 360)
n (%) n (%) P-Value*
Only one of four symptoms 166 (38) 171 (47) 0.006
Any two of four symptoms 204 (46) 125 (35) <0.001
Any three of four symptoms 58 (13) 32 (9) 0.057
At least one of four symptoms 428 (97) 328 (91) <0.001
Other symptoms 8 (2) 7 (2) 1.000
Symptoms and signs of DVT only 1 (0.3) 21 (6) <0.001
No symptoms at all 3 (0.7) 4 (1) 0.707

DVT = deep vein thrombosis.

*

Pisa versus Firenze.

Sudden onset dyspnea, chest pain, fainting or syncope, and hemoptysis. These symptoms are not explained otherwise.

Gradual onset dyspnea (n = 10); palpitations (n = 5).