Table 4.
Gene associated with Trinucleotide repeat instability Adapted from (Kovtun and McMurray, 2008)
| Gene | Effect on repeat expansion | System | Reference | 
|---|---|---|---|
| ATR (Mec1) | increase in repeat expansions* | FXS mouse | (Entezam and Usdin, 2009) | 
| ATM | increase in repeat expansions | FXS mouse | (Entezam and Usdin, 2009) | 
| FEN1 (Rad27) | increase in repeat expansions* | Yeast/HD mouse | (Spiro et al., 1999) | 
| MSH2 | decrease in repeat expansions* | DM/HD mouse | (Savouret et al., 2003, Pearson et al., 1997, Tome et al., 2009) | 
| MSH3 | decrease in repeat expansions* | DM/HD mouse | (Manley et al., 1999, Foiry et al., 2006, Owen et al., 2009) | 
| MSH6 | decrease in repeat expansions | DM/HD mouse | (Savouret et al., 2003) | 
| OGG1 | decrease in repeat expansions | HD mouse | (Kovtun et al., 2007) | 
| Pms2 | decrease in repeat expansions | DM mouse | (Gomes-Pereira et al., 2004) | 
ATR (Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related Kinase); Fen-1 (Flap Endonuclease); Msh2, Msh3 and Msh6 (MutS homologue 2; MutS homologue 3; MutS homologue 6; OGG1, (7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanine-DNA glycosylase); Pms2, (*) absence of gene has been shown to effect intergenerational expansions