Phytoestrogens- - Cross-sectional study |
151 Middle age elderly males and 91 Post-MW |
Secoisolariciresinol, matairesinol, pinoresinol, lariciresinol intake was evaluated. Soluble ICAM-1 (biomarker of inflammation involving damage to the endothelium and platelets), insulin, CRP, glucose, TC, HDL-C and triglycerides measured in fasting blood samples. FMD (only in 56 M and 55 F) |
Plasma concentrations of soluble ICAM-1 significantly decreased in the whole group. Marked decrease in soluble ICAM-1 accompanied with relevant improvement of FMD only in the matairesinol group. |
[239] |
Isoflavones - RCT |
60 Post-MW |
Isoflavone or placebo tablets for 6 month |
Significant improvement of endothelium dependent vasodilation in the isoflavone treatment group. Plasma ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin decreased in the isoflavone group compared to placebo. |
[240] |
Genistein - Cross-sectional |
30 Males |
Either a placebo or high-genistein treatment. Blood samples were collected before and within 5 min, and after 30 min of 80% peak O2 consumption exercise. Measurements were taken before and after 4-week supplementation. |
Isoflavones decreased homocysteine levels. Phytoestrogens were shown to have antioxidant effects, but a limited ability to diminish an abrupt surge of oxidative stress due to acute exercise |
[241] |
Isoflavones - Crossover RCT |
117 Healthy Post-MW |
Isoflavone-enriched or placebo cereals consumed for 8 wk, with washout of 8 wk |
Lower CRP levels but no effect on other inflammatory markers |
[242] |
Lignan - RCT |
22 Healthy Post-MW |
Low-fat muffin, with or without a lignan complex, for 6 weeks, separated by a 6-week washout period. |
No differences between the lignans and placebo periods in IL-6, TNFα, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 levels. Lower CRP in the lignans-added period. |
[243] |