Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of the subjects stratified by ethnicity and GCKR rs1260326 genotype
| Caucasians | African Americans | Hispanics | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CC (56) | CT (90) | TT (35) | p | CC (104) | CT/TT (34/1) | p | CC (58) | CT (58) | TT (19) | p | |
| Age (years) | 13.1±.85 | 13.3±2.90 | 14.4±2.93 | 0.3 | 13.1±2.9 | 12.9±2.64 | 0.8 | 12.8±2.8 | 11.8±3.1 | 12.3±2.8 | 0.2 |
| Sex (M/F) | 37/63 | 43/57 | 46/54 | 0.7 | 38/62 | 34/66 | 0.7 | 41/58 | 52/38 | 16/84 | 0.03 |
| NGT/IGT/T2D | 67/27/6 | 68/24/8 | 69/26/5 | 0.9 | 62/21/17 | 69/26/5 | 0.2 | 60/31/9 | 69/26/5 | 68/21/11 | 0.8 |
| Anthropometrics | |||||||||||
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 33.2±7.3 | 33.6±6.4 | 33.9±5.6 | 0.8 | 35.9±8.3 | 35.7±8.2 | 0.9 | 32.8±8.8 | 31.6±6.9 | 31.0±5.9 | 0.6 |
| BMI Z-score | 2.17±0.68 | 2.27±0.50 | 2.23±0.42 | 0.4 | 2.34±0.63 | 2.36±0.47 | 0.9 | 2.08±1.05 | 2.17±0.70 | 2.04±096 | 0.8 |
| Body Fat (%) | 430±10.4 | 42.3±8.3 | 42.6±6.9 | 0.9 | 45.9±10.4 | 45.7±9.0 | 0.9 | 39.6±10.9 | 41.4±9.8 | 45.1±5.3 | 0.1 |
| Lipid Profile | |||||||||||
| CHOLESTEROL *(mg/dl) | 155.9±38.5 | 164.4±46.9 | 167.7±40.7 | 0.4 | 153.5±25.5 | 159.6±27.2 | 0.3 | 160.4±37.8 | 150.5±439 | 148.4±34.8 | 0.4 |
| HDL*(mg/dl) | 43.2±10.1 | 41.6±10.5 | 39.6±11.0 | 0.3 | 45.0±10.9 | 41.8±7.3 | 0.1 | 42.1±11.3 | 42.1±9.9 | 43.2±11.5 | 0.9 |
| LDL*(mg/dl) | 93.4±31.4 | 97.7±32.6 | 92.6±38.4 | 0.6 | 93.3±21.7 | 95.4±21.6 | 0.7 | 98.9±34.2 | 87.1±39.4 | 81.8±26.2 | 0.1 |
| Glucose and Insulin levels | |||||||||||
| FASTING GLUCOSE*(mg/dl) | 93.0±10.9 | 94.6±10.1 | 93.1±8.5 | 0.5 | 96.0±11.8 | 93.5±8.4 | 0.3 | 97.0±9.6 | 94.4±9.9 | 91.8±6.9 | 0.1 |
| GLUCOSE 120*(mg/dl) | 125.7±31.1 | 130.2±33.7 | 134.0±30.4 | 0.4 | 131.3±35.8 | 127.5±26.4 | 0.6 | 131.4±27.8 | 122.2±20.4 | 135.1±37.9 | 0.1 |
| FASTING INSULIN* (µU/mL) | 39.3±28.6 | 31.9±16.3 | 30.4±14.1 | 0.1 | 39.0±22.4 | 35.9±18.7 | 0.5 | 37.2±21.5 | 33.2±22.5 | 40.9±22.4 | 0.4 |
| WBISI* | 1.62±0.93 | 1.84±1.19 | 1.71±.80 | 0.6 | 1.68±1.38 | 1.66±0.84 | 0.9 | 1.63±1.21 | 1.99±1.35 | 1.46±1.08 | 0.2 |
| Liver Enzymes | |||||||||||
| ALT*(UI/L) | 24.3±13.8 | 25.3±17.1 | 25.4±19.2 | 0.6 | 16.1±7.7 | 15.8±8.1 | 0.9 | 18.9±8.3 | 22.9±17.6 | 34.8±23.5 | 0.03 |
| AST*(UI/L) | 23.1±6.6 | 23.3±8.4 | 23.4±9.0 | 0.7 | 21.8±5.6 | 18.9±3.6 | 0.09 | 22.6±4.9 | 24.0±9.3 | 26.2±10.6 | 0.06 |
*
log transformed and adjusted for age, gender and z-score BMI