Table 2.
Classification for acoustic features: For consonants, 0-voiced, 1-unvoiced, 2-stop, 3-nasal, 4-fricative, 5-affricate, 6-place, front, 7-place, middle, and 8-place, back; for vowels, 0-high F1, 1-middle F1, 2-low F1, 3-front F2, 4-middle F2, 5-back F2, 6-short duration, and 7-long duration.
| Consonants
| ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /b/ | /d/ | /g/ | /p/ | /t/ | /k/ | /m/ | /n/ | /f/ | /s/ | /∫/ | /v/ | /d/ | /z/ | / / | / / | |
| Voicing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Manner | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Place | 6 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| Vowels
| ||||||||||||||||
| /æ/ | /ɑ/ | //ɔ/ | /ε/ | /eI/ | //ɝ/ | /I/ | /i/ | //ə/ʊ/ | //ʊ/ | //ʌ/ | /u/ | |||||
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| F1, Height | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
| F2, Place | 3 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | ||||
| Duration | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | ||||