Table 4. Exploration of parasite pathways known to be affected by antimonial drugs at five experimental levels.

	population A only SSG-R vs SSG-S	population B only SSG-R vs SSG-S	population A vs population B
DNA sequence	no differences	no differences	no differences
gene expression	higher levels of CBS and GCS in SSG-R	higher levels of MST in SSG-R	no differences
protein expression	no differences	lower levels of TR in SSG-R	no differences
thiols	no differences	no differences	higher glutathione levels in population B
oxidative/nitrosative stress tolerance	no differences	lower tolerance for H202, SNAP and SbIII in SSG-R	differential regulation of SbIII tolerance during growth

Summary of differences between (i) SSG-S parasites versus SSG-R parasites within a specific population, and (ii) all studied parasites of population A compared with population B.