Table 3.
Chemotherapy regimens tested in urachal cancers
| Regimen | N | Setting | Efficacy |
|---|---|---|---|
| S-1+cisplatin ×5 courses22 | 1 | Metastatic | 1 complete response, disease-free at 30 months |
| S-1+cisplatin23 | 1 | Metastatic | 1 response |
| FOLFOX418 | 1 | Perioperative | Minor response to chemotherapy, no recurrence after 1.5 years |
| Irinotecan24 | 1 | Metastatic | Partial response (tumour resistant to cisplatin, 5-FU, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitomycin-C) |
| IFL16 | 1 | Metastatic | Complete response, recurrence after 6 months |
| Cisplatin+paclitaxel+ifosfamide21 | 6 | Advanced | 1 partial response, 4 with stable disease (duration of response not reported) |
| 5-FU+doxorubicin+VP16,doxorubicin+mitomycin-C+cisplatin | 1 | Metastatic | Both survived over 10 years, chemotherapy was given in the context of multimodality treatment |
| Doxorubicin+mitomycin-C+ cisplatin, uracil/ftorafur25 | 1 | Metastatic | |
| 5-FU+doxorubicin+mitomycin-C20 | 3 | Metastatic | 2 responses |
| Methotrexate+5-FU+epirubicin+cisplatin26,27 | 1 | Metastatic | Complete response |
| Ifosphamide+5-FU+VP16+cisplatin27 | 4 | Metastatic | 1 complete response, 2 partial response |
| Cisplatin+5-FU8 | 9 | Metastatic | 3/9 partial responses |
| MVAC8 | 5 | Metastatic | No response |
| Taxol+methotrexate+cisplatin8 | 1 | Metastatic | Response |
| Gem-FLP7 ongoing Phase II trial | Metastatic | 1 complete response, multiple partial responses |
S-1: oral fluoropyrimidine; FOLFOX4: oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 (D1), leucovorin 200 mg/m2 (D1,2), fluoruracil 400 mg/m2 (D1, D2), fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 CIV over 22 hours (D1,2); IFL: irinotecan 125 mg/m2, 5FU 500mg/m2, leucovorin 20mg/m2, once weekly for 4 to 6 weeks; MVAC: methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, cisplatin; Gem-FLP: gemcitabine, 5FU, leucovorin, cisplatin.