Table 1.
Exclusive injectors |
Non-exclusive injectors |
OR | 95%CI | p-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | n | % | n | % | |||
Gender: | |||||||
Male | 250 | 83.06 | 44 | 89.80 | 1.0 | ||
Female | 51 | 16.94 | 5 | 10.20 | 0.56 | 0.21-1.47 | 0.233 |
Age (mean): | 301 | (26.5) | 49 | (26.8) | - | - | 0.737* |
Ethnicity: | |||||||
Russian | 249 | 85.57 | 37 | 80.43 | 0.69 | 0.31-1.54 | 0.369 |
Estonian | 42 | 14.43 | 9 | 19.57 | 1.0 | ||
Marital status: | |||||||
Single | 232 | 77.85 | 35 | 71.43 | 0.71 | 0.36-1.40 | 0.324 |
Married or cohabiting | 66 | 22.15 | 14 | 28.57 | 1.0 | ||
Educational level (years): | |||||||
<9 | 163 | 54.33 | 23 | 46.94 | 0.74 | 0.41-1.36 | 0.337 |
10–12 | 137 | 45.67 | 26 | 53.06 | 1.0 | ||
Main source of income in last 6 months: |
|||||||
Regular or temporary job | 154 | 51.16 | 33 | 67.35 | 1.0 | ||
Other | 147 | 48.84 | 16 | 32.65 | 0.51 | 0.27-0.96 | 0.035 |
Drug use initiation: | |||||||
Injecting | 101 | 33.55 | 11 | 22.45 | 0.57 | 0.28-1.17 | 0.126 |
By other means of administration |
200 | 66.45 | 38 | 77.55 | 1.0 | ||
Age at IDU initiation (mean) |
299 | (18.6) | 49 | (19.6) | - | - | 0.149* |
Duration of injection career (mean) |
299 | (7.9) | 49 | (7.2) | - | - | 0.256* |
Frequency of injecting: | |||||||
Less than daily | 83 | 27.57 | 26 | 53.06 | 1.0 | ||
Daily | 218 | 72.43 | 23 | 46.94 | 0.33 | 0.18-0.62 | 0.001 |
Other routes of administration: |
|||||||
Less than daily | - | - | 41 | 83.67 | - | - | - |
Daily | - | - | 8 | 16.33 | - | - | - |
Intensity of injecting per day: |
|||||||
One | 49 | 16.33 | 12 | 24.49 | 1.0 | ||
More than one | 251 | 83.67 | 37 | 75.51 | 0.60 | 0.29-1.24 | 0.167 |
Main drug injected during last 6 months: |
|||||||
Fentanyl | 219 | 73.99 | 30 | 62.50 | 0.59 | 0.31-1.11 | 0.101 |
Amphetamine | 73 | 24.66 | 17 | 35.42 | 1.67 | 0.88-3.20 | 0.121 |
Ever had overdose: | |||||||
No | 110 | 36.54 | 18 | 36.73 | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 191 | 63.46 | 31 | 63.27 | 0.99 | 0.53-1.86 | 0.980 |
Sharing syringes during last 6 months: |
|||||||
No | 189 | 63.00 | 34 | 72.34 | |||
Yes | 111 | 37.00 | 13 | 27.66 | 0.65 | 0.33-1.29 | 0.217 |
Sharing paraphernalia during last 6 months: |
|||||||
No | 231 | 77.00 | 38 | 79.17 | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 69 | 23.00 | 10 | 20.83 | 0.88 | 0.42-1.86 | 0.739 |
Number of sexual partners during last 12 months: |
|||||||
None or one | 171 | 57.38 | 20 | 40.82 | 1.0 | ||
More than one | 127 | 42.62 | 29 | 59.18 | 1.95 | 1.06-3.61 | 0.033 |
Condom use with casual partner during last 6 months: |
|||||||
Always | 63 | 57.27 | 16 | 69.57 | 1.0 | ||
Never /Occasionally | 47 | 42.73 | 7 | 30.43 | 0.59 | 0.22-1.54 | 0.278 |
Condom use with primary partner during last 6 months: |
|||||||
Always | 48 | 33.80 | 9 | 30.00 | 1.0 | ||
Never /Occasionally | 94 | 66.20 | 21 | 70.00 | 1.19 | 0.51-2.80 | 0.688 |
Self-reported STI (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes): |
|||||||
No | 274 | 91.03 | 39 | 79.59 | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 27 | 8.97 | 10 | 20.41 | 2.60 | 1.17-5.79 | 0.019 |
Disease serostatus: | |||||||
HIV+ | 175 | 58.72 | 17 | 34.69 | 0.37 | 0.20-0.70 | 0.002 |
t-test