Table 3.
Crude and adjusted hazard ratios for time to onset of alcohol use
| Predictor variable | HR initiation |
|
| Crude | Adjusted | |
| Sociodemographics | ||
| Oldest versus youngest | 5.35 (4.49 to 6.37) | 2.24 (1.81 to 2.77) |
| African–American versus Caucasian | 1.05 (0.87 to 1.27) | 0.99 (0.80 to 1.23) |
| Hispanic versus Caucasian | 1.04 (0.91 to 1.19) | 0.98 (0.84 to 1.14) |
| Other non-Caucasian versus Caucasian | 0.87 (0.71 to 1.08) | 0.84 (0.68 to 1.05) |
| Female | 1.01 (0.91 to 1.12) | 1.10 (0.99 to 1.23) |
| High parent education | 0.84 (0.71 to 1.27) | 1.03 (0.81 to 1.29) |
| Low family income | 1.10 (0.93 to 1.30) | 1.09 (0.87 to 1.38) |
| Family and friends | ||
| Parent alcohol use | 2.12 (1.78 to 2.52) | 1.43 (1.17 to 1.75) |
| Alcohol available at home | 3.47 (2.96 to 4.06) | 1.45 (1.21 to 1.74) |
| Unskilled parenting | 5.56 (4.55 to 6.67) | 1.76 (1.41 to 2.20) |
| High peer alcohol use | 8.69 (7.34 to 10.3) | 2.88 (2.35 to 3.53) |
| Media and marketing | ||
| Low TV viewing | 0.67 (0.53 to 0.84) | 1.11 (0.87 to 1.42) |
| High movie alcohol exposure | 5.50 (4.62 to 6.55) | 2.13 (1.76 to 2.57) |
| Views movies without parents | 2.04 (1.67 to 2.50) | 1.22 (0.99 to 1.50) |
| Receptive to alcohol marketing | 2.63 (2.19 to 3.15) | 1.44 (1.19 to 1.74) |
| Characteristics of adolescent | ||
| High sensation seeking | 5.97 (4.98 to 7.15) | 2.08 (1.67 to 2.59) |
| High rebelliousness | 4.08 (3.43 to 4.86) | 1.55 (1.25 to 1.92) |
| Poor school performance | 2.86 (2.33 to 3.45) | 1.32 (1.05 to 1.65) |
| Low extracurricular involvement | 1.6 (1.38 to 2.03) | 1.11 (0.91 to 1.37) |
| High spending money | 3.97 (2.98 to 5.29) | 1.46 (1.11 to 1.92) |