Table 2.

Multilevel logistic regression models of parents’ exchange of socioemotional support with their adult children

	Parents receive socioemotional support from child				Parents give socioemotional support to child
	Model 1 Baseline Model		Model 2 Baseline + effect of received support from one child on received support from other children		Model 3 Baseline Model		Model 4 Baseline + effect of support given to one child on support given to each other children
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Parental Household Characteristics
Age	1.01*	1.01-1.02	1.01*	1.01-1.02	0.98*	0.98-0.99	0.99*	0.98-0.99
Gender (F = 1)	1.7*	1.47-1.95	1.71*	1.48-1.98	1.07	0.92-1.25	1.03	0.91-1.18
Black	1.29*	1.06-1.56	1.29*	1.06-1.57	1.26*	1.02-1.55	1.20*	1.00-1.44
Hispanic	1.12	0.82-1.55	1.13	0.81-1.56	0.98	0.7-1.37	0.99	0.74-1.32
Currently Married	0.79*	0.69-0.91	0.8*	0.69-0.93	1.14	0.98-1.33	1.15*	1.01-1.31
Health	0.94	0.88-1.01	0.96	0.89-1.03	1.01	0.94-1.09	1.00	0.94-1.07
Education	1.01	0.99-1.03	1.01	0.99-1.04	1.06*	1.04-1.09	1.05*	1.03-1.08
# Children	0.91*	0.88-0.94	0.93*	0.9-0.96	0.86*	0.84-0.90	0.89*	0.86-0.91
Adult Child in HH	1.08	0.91-1.27	1.07	0.9-1.27	1.34*	1.11-1.60	1.25*	1.07-1.46
Adult Child Characteristics
Distance from Parent	0.98*	0.97-0.98	0.98*	0.98-0.99	0.98*	0.98-0.99	0.98*	0.98-0.99
Gender (F = 1)	1.45*	1.34-1.56	1.43*	1.32-1.54	1.28*	1.19-1.37	1.36*	1.25-1.48
Biological Child	2.43*	1.99-2.97	2.32*	1.89-2.85	1.56*	1.31-1.84	1.67*	1.40-2.00
Currently Married	1.21*	1.1-1.32	1.2*	1.09-1.32	0.86*	0.78-0.93	0.83*	0.75-0.92
Has Children	0.99	0.89-1.09	0.99	0.9-1.1	1.13*	1.03-1.24	1.10	0.99-1.23
Cross-Sibling Interactions
Support from/to one child on support from/to each other child	---	---	0.77*	0.67-0.89	---	---	4.98*	4.32-5.75
constant	0.18*	0.09-0.34	0.17*	0.09-0.33	2.23*	1.13-4.40	1.07	0.59-1.92

^*odds ratio (OR) is significant at p ≤ 0.05, two-tailed test