Table 1.
A summary of the inflammation-related genes located on chromosome 21.
| Gene | Protein | Function | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| CXADR | Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor | Activation of JNK and p38-MAPK pathways leading to production of M1 cytokines. | [76] |
| ADAMTS1 | ADAM metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 1 | Secreted protease known to be induced by IL-1β | [81] |
| ADAMTS5 | ADAM metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 5 | Secreted protease known to be induced by IL-1β and TGFβ. | [82] |
| TIAM1 | T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 | Necessary for cytokine-mediated generation of oxidative species through NADPH oxidase. | [87] |
| SOD1 | Superoxide dismuatose 1 | Scavenges superoxide radicals producing H2O2 and O2. | [109] |
| IFNAR2 | Interferon (alpha, beta, and omega) receptor 2 | Activates JAK/STAT-mediated pathway in response to IFNα/β. | [110] |
| IFNAR1 | Interferon (alpha, beta, and omega) receptor 1 | Activates JAK/STAT-mediated pathway in response to IFNα/β. | [110] |
| IFNGR2 | Interferon gamma receptor 2 | Activates JAK/STAT-mediated pathway in response to IFNγ. | [111] |
| RIPK4 | Receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 4 | Necessary for signaling through TNFR1 | [96] |
| CBS | Cystathione-beta-synthase | Production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S); a regulator of inflammation | [112] |
| S100B | S100 calcium binding protein B | Constitutive expression by astrocytes, released in response to TNFα | [113] |
| PRMT2 | Protein arginine methyltransferase 2 | Blocks the actions of NFκB in the nucleus | [114] |