Table 2.
Conditional Pten knockout mouse models of prostate cancer.
| Description | PTEN genetic manipulation | Gene knockout level | Pten mutation locus | Mouse strain | Phenotype | Castration resistance | Comments | Year | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PBCre4/Ptenloxp/loxp | Conditional | Single | Exons 4 and 5 | 129SvJy/C57BL/6 | Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma and metastatic spread to lymph nodes | Not reported | ARR2PB-Cre promoter-driven; 100% of mice developed invasive carcinoma at 6 months | 2003 | [84] |
| PBCre4/Ptenloxp/loxp | Conditional | Single | Exon 5 | C57BL/6/DBA2 /129/BALB/c |
Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma and metastatic spread to lymph nodes | Yes | ARR2PB-Cre promoter-driven; Pin lesions develop at 6 weeks and invasive adenocarcimoa by 9 weeks | 2003 | [85] |
| MMTVCre/PTENloxp/loxp | Conditional | Single | Exons 4 and 5 | C57BL/6 | Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma | Not reported | MMTV-Cre promoter-driven; focally invasive carcinoma at 10 weeks Mice die from lymphomas at 14 wks | 2004 | [89] |
| PSACre/Ptenloxp/loxp | Conditional | Single | Exon 5 | FVB/n/129Ola | Invasive adenocarcinoma | Not reported | PSA-Cre promoter-driven; all mice develop adenocarcinoma at 10–14 months with rare metastases | 2005 | [86] |
| PSACre/Ptenloxp/loxp | Conditional | Single | Exons 4 and 5 | C57BL/6 | Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma and metastatic spread to lymph nodes | Yes | PSA-Cre promoter-driven; 50% incicence of adenocarcinoma at 10 weeks, lymph node metastasis >12 months | 2012 | [a] |
|
Pb-Cre4/PtenloxP/loxP/
Trp53loxP/loxP |
Conditional | Compound | Exons 4 and 5 | 129SvJy/C57BL/6 | Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma | Not reported | ARR2PB-Cre promoter-driven; invasive adenocarcinoma at 4–6 months with mean survival of 5 months | 2005 | [88] |
| PBCre4/Pten+/loxP/ FGF8b | Conditional | Compound | Exon 5 | C57BL/6/DBA2x 129/BALB/c |
Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma and metastatic spread to lymph nodes | Not reported | ARR2PB-Cre promoter-driven; activation of FGF8b and heterozygous loss of Pten cooperate in the late-onset induction of metastatic prostate cancer with high incidence | 2006 | [87] |
| PSACreERT2/Ptenloxp/loxp | Inducible conditional | Single | Exons 4 and 5 | 129SvJy/C57BL/6/ FVB/n | Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma after tamoxifen treatment | Not reported | Tam-inducible Cre-ERT2 recombinase under the control of the human PSA proximal promoter | 2008 | [90] |
| Nkx3.1CreERT2/ Ptenloxp/loxp | Inducible conditional | Single | Exon 5 | C57BL/6/129/Sv | Homozygous deletion results in invasive adenocarcinoma after tamoxifen treatment | Yes | Tam-inducible Cre-ERT2 recombinase under the control of the Nkx3.1 promoter | 2009 | [91] |
aDe Velasco et al. [95].