Figure 2. Histone O-GlcNAcylation increases after stress.
After a cellular stress event, histone O-GlcNAcylation (the covalent attachment of β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) sugars to serine or threonine residues of proteins; green dots) increases, and this is correlated with an increase in DNA compaction. Histone O-GlcNAcylation is catalysed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) via the addition of a GlcNAc moiety from UDP-GlcNAc.