Table. CFU per plate before and after treatment with various concentrations of ethanol.

Treatment	Mean pretreatment CFU (range)	Mean posttreatment CFU (range)	No. trials	|t|*	p*	Mean change (%)
Tap water	175 (117–234)	206 (100–321)	4	1.25	0.30	+10
40% ethanol	531 (132–1,413)	621 (75–1,733)	5	0.30	0.39	+3
40% gel	246 (51–602)	232 (56–693)	9	0.61	0.56	+53
62% gel	171 (33–563)	12 (1–24)	9	5.73	<0.001	–82
40%→62% gel	473 (114–1,257)	26 (10–48)	5	6.21	0.003	–90

*|t| = result of paired t test; p = probability of |t|.