Functionalization of silicon substrate using 11-hydroxyundecylphosphonic acid (UDPA) and divinyl sulfone (DVS) linking chemistry. The molecules immobilized on silicon microrings include: Hexafluorobenzamide (1), mannosyl amino OEG (2), galactosyl amino OEG (3), LNFPIII-HSA (4), H2-BSA (5). Abbreviation of carbohydrate residues in 4 and 5 represents: Gal, galactose; Fuc, fucose; GlcNAc, N-acetylglucosamine; Glc, glucose.