Figure 6. Both the classical and the alternative pathways of NF-κB activation contribute to fungal-induced apoptosis of macrophages, the alternative one being essential.

(A) TUNEL staining of SR or IKK2 DA mutant stable clones versus WT J774 cells infected with C. neoformans (KN99α) for 24, 48 or 72 h. Scale bar 20 µm. (B) Histogram showing the quantification of apoptosis by TUNEL assay for WT J774 and stable NF-κB-modulated clones mock-treated or infected by C. neoformans (KN99α) at different time-points and for C57BL/6 control or nfκb2 ^−/− BMDM at 48 and 72 h p.i.. Results are expressed as mean ± s.e.m of % of TUNEL⁺ cells relative to total cell number (n = 3). ***, P<0.001.