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Proposed model of molecular mechanism of SW-induced apoptosis in A549 cells. SW treatment up-regulates Bax, down-regulates Bcl-2 expression, promotes Bax translocation to mitochondria, activates mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway, which in turn causes the release of cytochrome c, the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and the cleavage of PARP and fragmentation of internucleosomal DNA, resulting in A549 cell apoptosis.
