| xsp | 1 if data source node s uses path p to reach the sink node q |
| y(n,k) | 1 if link (n, k) is on the chosen data aggregation tree |
| rn | Transmission radius of node n |
| l(n,k) | Data transmission delay from node n to node k |
| mn | End-to-end delay from the farthest downstream node to node n on the data aggregation tree |
| znk | 1 if node k is covered within the transmission radius of node n |
| cnk | Average number of retransmissions incurred at node n to transmit data to node k |
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