Table 6.

Indices of patients’ perceptions of treatment and proximal outcomes at discharge as predictors of 1- and 5-year substance use and psychiatric outcomes

Variables	1-Year outcomes			5-Year outcomes
	Alcohol consumption	Substance use problems	Psychiatric symptoms	Alcohol consumption	Substance use problems	Psychiatric symptoms
Covariate r2	.12 **	.12 **	.27 **	.06 **	.11 **	.21 **
Patient status (0 = SUD, 1 = DD	−.10	.03	.13 **	.03	−.02	.16**
Perceptions of treatment
Support	−.03	−.05*	−.05**	−.02	−.05	−.05*
Clarity	−.03	−.04*	−.04*	−.02	−.02	−.02
Spirituality	−.06**	−.04	−.04**	−.04	−.03	−.05*
Satisfaction	−.06**	−.06**	−.07**	−.04	−.10**	−.07**
Proximal outcomes
Benefits of quitting	−.07**	−.06**	−.11**	−.05	−.04	−.10**
Self-efficacy	−.14**	−.13**	−.16**	−.10**	−.12**	−.12**
Substance-specific coping	−.04	−.04	−.04	−.04	−.06*	−.02
Approach coping	−.02	−.06**	−.07**	−.06**	−.07*	−.11**
Avoidance coping	.08**	−.09**	.14**	−.03	.03	−.12**
Final r2	.15**	.15**	.33**	.08**	.14**	.27**

Note. In each regression, control variables (race/ethnicity, education, and employment, intake values of the dependent variable and the discharge outcome, and program treatment orientation) were entered in Step 1; patient status, perceptions of treatment, and discharge outcomes were entered in Step 2. Entries in the table are standardized beta coefficients; entries in bold identify independent predictors. Sample sizes for regressions ranged from 1,714 to 2,285 due to missing data.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.