Table 1.

Predisposing risk factors for mucormycosis in patients with hematologic malignancies and/or stem cell transplantation

Prolonged (> 3 wk) and severe (ANC < 200) neutropenia

Monocytopenia (< 100 mm3)

Prolonged (> 3 wk) high-dose systemic corticosteroids (eg, prednisone or equivalent of > 1 mg/kg/d)

Iron overload (assessed by high iron indices, high iron storage by MRI, or high iron staining in bone marrow biopsy)

High-risk SCT (eg, matched-unrelated donor SCT, haploidentical donor SCT, cord blood SCT, T cell-depleted SCT)

Severe GVHD and its treatment (especially corticosteroids)

Prolonged hyperglycemia (fasting serum glucose > 200 mg/dL), corticosteroid-associated hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus

Colonization by mucormycetes or heavy environmental exposure?

Previous exposure to Aspergillus-active antifungal agents, especially voriconazole?

Relapsed leukemia

ANC indicates absolute neutrophil count.