Table 2.

Examples of new potential PET tracers for TSPO imaging in clinical studies

PET tracer	Chemical class	Diseased/healthy subjects	Findings
[11C]DAA1106	Phenoarylacetamides [6]	AD, ALS, FTD, MS, CI	Higher binding affinity compared with PK11195 [33, 43]a
[11C]vinpocetine	Vina alkaloids[4]	MS, healthy subjects	Higher BP but potential different binding sites as PK11195 [44–46]
[18F]FEDAA1106	Phenoarylacetamides [6]	Healthy subjects	Match known patterns of TSPO distribution [47]a
[11C]PBR28	Phenoarylacetamides [6]	Healthy subjects	Good agreement of pattern in TSPO distribution [35]a
[11C]AC-5216	Oxodihydropurines [5]	Healthy subjects	Match known patterns of TSPO distribution [36]a
[11C]DPA-713	Pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidines [7]	Healthy subjects	Potentially higher binding affinity than PK11195 [37]a
[18F]DPA-714	Pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidines [7]	Healthy subjects	Potentially higher binding potential in brain [38]

AD Alzheimer’s disease, ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, MS multiple sclerosis, FTD frontotemporal dementia, CI cerebral infarction

^aMixed-affinity binding in human brain