Figure 7.

Lutein but not zeaxanthin inhibits VSMC migration. VSMCs were seeded in the upper chamber precoated with collagen. The inserts were assembled with the lower chamber, which was filled with serum-free (basal) or PDGF-containing medium preincubated with vehicle or (A) lutein or (B) zeaxanthin (zea) for 30 min. After incubation for 3 h at 37°C, fixation was performed and nonmigrated cells were removed. Cells migrated to the underside of filter membrane were photographed and counted in high-power field (magnification, 100 ×) under the microscope. Right panels: a quantitative analysis of migrated cells. All experiments were conducted in duplicate. Cell migration was expressed as percentage of basal or control (n = 6-8). ***P < 0.001 versus control. NS: non significance.