Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants in Fangshan District, Beijing, China
| Characteristics | Total | Males | Females | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 58,308) | (N = 20,362) | (N = 37,946) | ||
| Age (years), (mean ± SD) | 56.3 ± 9.9 | 57.1 ± 10.2 | 55.9 ± 9.8 | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg), (mean ± SD) | 133.9 ± 17.9 | 134.4 ± 17.6 | 133.6 ± 18.0 | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg), (mean ± SD) | 84.1 ± 10.4 | 85.1 ± 10.8 | 83.6 ± 10.2 | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg), (mean ± SD) | 67.4 ± 11.4 | 71.6 ± 11.7 | 65.3 ± 10.6 | < 0.001 |
| Height (cm), (mean ± SD) | 160.3 ± 7.9 | 167.2 ± 6.4 | 156.6 ± 5.9 | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), (mean ± SD) | 26.2 ± 3.8 | 25.5 ± 3.6 | 26.6 ± 3.9 | < 0.001 |
| BP classification (%), (95% CI) | < 0.001 | |||
| Normotension | 19.3 (16.6, 23.1) | 17.8 (15.2, 20.9) | 20.7 (17.4, 24.4) | - |
| Prehypertension | 37.8 (36.0, 39.7) | 37.7 (35.9, 39.6) | 37.9 (36.0, 39.9) | - |
| Stage 1 hypertension | 28.6 (26.3, 30.9) | 29.2 (27.1, 31.4) | 28.2 (25.8, 30.7) | - |
| Stage 2 hypertension | 13.9 (12.0, 16.1) | 15.2 (13.2, 17.5) | 13.2 (11.4, 15.3) | - |
| Hypertension (%), (95% CI) | 47.2 (44.5, 49.9) | 48.7 (45.6, 51.8) | 46.4 (43.8, 49.1) | 0.004 |
| Diabetes (%), (95% CI) | 8.6 (7.4, 10.0) | 7.8 (6.5, 9.3) | 9.0 (7.8, 10.4) | < 0.001 |
| Overweight (%), (95% CI) | 43.2 (41.7, 44.8) | 41.2 (38.9, 43.7) | 44.3 (43.1, 45.6) | < 0.001 |
| Obesity (%), (95% CI) | 15.1 (13.8, 16.6) | 10.7 (9.4, 12.1) | 17.5 (16.0, 19.1) | < 0.001 |
SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure; BP blood pressure; BMI body mass index; SD standard deviation; CI confidence interval. BP classification: normotension (SBP < 120 mmHg and DBP < 80 mmHg); prehypertension (SBP of 120-139 mmHg or DBP of 80-89 mmHg); stage 1 hypertension (SBP of 140-159 mmHg or DBP of 90-99 mmHg); stage 2 hypertension (SBP ≥ 160 mmHg or DBP ≥ 100 mmHg)
Hypertension was defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg, or current use of any antihypertensive medication within two weeks or any combination of the above; diabetes was defined as self-reported current treatment with insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents; overweight was defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and obesity as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
*Compared between males and females