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Cytokine analysis of tick bite sites during primary and secondary infestations. Concentrations of IL-1β, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17a, IFN-γ, and CCL2 were measured in skin biopsies from tick feeding sites at 48 and 96 hr p.i. primary infestation (48p and 96p) and 48 and 72 hr p.i. secondary infestation (48s and 72s) and compared to normal mouse skin using a two-tailed T-test; * indicates a p-value ≤ 0.05 compared to tick-free mice.
