Table 2.
Mean change (and standard error) of self-reported emotion and physiological responding of participants by Film condition, diagnostic Group across Study 1 and Study 2.
| Study 1 Emotion reactivity |
Study 2 Emotion recovery |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BD | NC | BD | NC | |
| Neutral film | ||||
| PA | −0.14 (0.18) [CI: −0.50, 0.22] |
0.08 (0.16) [CI: −0.41, 0.25] |
−0.24 (0.11) [CI: −0.45, −0.02] |
−0.06 (0.10) [CI: −0.25, 0.14] |
| NA | −0.10 (0.06) [CI: −0.23, 0.03] |
−0.03 (0.06) [CI: −0.15, 0.08] |
0.04 (0.10) [CI: −0.16, 0.24] |
−0.14 (0.09) [CI: −0.32, 0.04] |
| Arousal | −0.62 (0.36) [CI: −1.34, 0.10] |
−0.16 (0.33) [CI: −0.82, 0.51] |
0.27 (0.86) [CI: −1.49, 2.03] |
0.18 (0.81) [CI: −1.47, 1.83] |
| RSA | −11.97 (28.46) [CI: −69.74, 45.80] |
−39.49 (34.34) [CI: −88.91, 9.93] |
18.70 (14.79) [CI: −11.26, 48.67] |
15.44 (13.58) [CI: −12.08, 42.95] |
| HR | −0.01 (0.77) [CI: −1.56, 1.58] |
−0.62 (0.65) [CI: −1.92, 0.69] |
−0.99 (0.76) [CI: −2.53, 0.55] |
0.25 (0.68) [CI: −1.12, 1.62] |
| SCR | 0.08 (0.29) [CI: −0.51, 0.66] |
−0.42 (0.26) [CI: −0.95, 0.12] |
−0.05 (0.07) [CI: −0.20, 0.10] |
−0.08 (0.07) [CI: −0.22, 0.06] |
| Happy film | ||||
| PA | 1.39 (0.20) [CI: 0.99, 1.79] |
0.70 (0.18) [CI: 0.33, 1.06] |
−0.36 (0.18) [CI: −0.73, 0.00] |
−0.67 (0.17) [CI: −1.00, −0.33] |
| NA | −0.08 (0.08) [CI: −0.26, 0.06] |
−0.02 (0.07) [CI: −0.17, 0.13] |
−0.12 (0.07) [CI: −0.27, 0.01] |
−0.03 (0.06) [CI: −0.16, 0.10] |
| Arousal | 2.48 (0.39) [CI: 1.70, 3.26] |
1.37 (0.36) [CI: 0.65, 2.08] |
−0.64 (0.69) [CI: −2.05, 0.76] |
−0.22 (0.65) [CI: −1.53, 1.10] |
| RSA | 29.45 (17.83) [CI: −6.74, 65.65] |
−41.79 (15.25) [CI: −72.76, −10.83] |
−18.62 (27.32) [CI: −73.98, 36.73] |
0.30 (25.08) [CI: −50.52, 51.13] |
| HR | −0.98 (0.87) [CI: −2.74, 0.79] |
−2.64 (0.73) [CI: −4.11, −1.16] |
−1.46 (0.99) [CI: −3.47, 0.56] |
−1.38 (0.88) [CI: −3.18, 0.41] |
| SCR | −0.24 (0.28) [CI: −0.81, 0.34] |
0.11 (0.26) [CI: −0.41, 0.64] |
−0.11 (0.05) [CI: −0.22, 0.00] |
−0.19 (0.05) [CI: −0.29, −0.09] |
| Sad film | ||||
| PA | −0.07 (0.17) [CI: −0.41, 0.28] |
−0.39 (0.16) [CI: −0.70, −0.07] |
−0.07 (0.10) [CI: −0.28, 0.13] |
−0.17 (0.09) [CI: −0.36, 0.02] |
| NA | 0.57 (0.16) [CI: 0.24, 0.90] |
0.45 (0.15) [CI: 0.15, 0.75] |
−0.51 (0.18) [CI: −0.86, −0.15] |
−0.64 (0.16) [CI: −0.97, −0.31] |
| Arousal | 1.11 (0.45) [CI: 0.20, 2.03] |
0.55 (0.42) [CI: −0.29, 1.39] |
2.06 (0.87) [CI: 0.28, 3.84] |
1.26 (0.82) [CI: −0.40, 2.93] |
| RSA | −23.55 (29.69) [CI: −83.82, 36.73] |
−82.81 (25.40) [CI: −134.37, −31.25] |
60.21 (22.05) [CI: 15.53, 104.89] |
63.26 (20.25) [CI: 22.24, 104.28] |
| HR | −1.11 (1.10) [CI: −3.34, 1.12] |
−2.17 (0.92) [CI: −4.03, −0.30] |
−0.75 (0.76) [CI: −2.29, 0.80] |
−0.64 (0.68) [CI: −2.01, 0.74] |
| SCR | −0.11 (0.25) [CI: −0.62, 0.40] |
−0.39 (0.23) [CI: −0.86, 0.07] |
1.13 (0.36) [CI: 0.39, 1.86] |
0.64 (0.33) [CI: −0.03, 1.32] |
Note: BD = Bipolar participants; NC = Non-clinical control participants; PA = Positive affect; NA = Negative affect; HR = Heart rate; SCR = Skin conductance response rate/min; RSA = Respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Self-reported PA and NA rated on a 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 7 (extremely) scale. CI: = 95% confidence interval with lower bound value followed by upper bound value. Mean values (adjusted for covariates) are displayed with standard errors in parentheses where applicable.