Table 2.
Comorbid diagnoses of non-users and users of hypnotics (percentages of total group)
| Comorbidity | Non-users | Any hypnotic users | Zolpidem | Temazepam |
| Asthma*** | 6.6 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 11.3 |
| Cerebrovascular disease*** | 3.8 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.1 |
| Coronary heart disease*** | 9.4 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 15.8 |
| Chronic kidney disease*** | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
| COPD*** | 5.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.8 |
| Cardiovascular disease, all*** | 14.1 | 21.4 | 21.1 | 22.3 |
| Dementia | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
| Diabetes*** | 14.6 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 18.5 |
| Heart failure*** | 3.2 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 |
| Hypertension*** | 37.5 | 42.8 | 41.9 | 43.9 |
| Obesity*** | 6.7 | 10.5 | 9.6 | 10.0 |
| Reflux and peptic disease*** | 15.0 | 27.9 | 26.9 | 26.3 |
| Peripheral vascular disease*** | 2.1 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.7 |
The percentages with each class of comorbidity diagnoses are shown for non-users and users of hypnotics. Among users, specific comorbidity percentages are shown for those prescribed only zolpidem or only temazepam. Comorbidity classes are further defined in supplemental table 2.
***Indicates p<0.001, contrasting non-users versus all hypnotic users.