Table 5.

Studies reporting head and neck human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in cancer-free men in Europe^a

Author, year, country	Sample types	Population	Sample size	Age (years)	Sampling techniques and detection methods	HPV (%)
						Any	95%CI	High-risk	95%CI
Montaldo 2007 Italy [48]	Saliva	Odonto- stomatology attendees, non-diseased for oral pathology	69	4-77	Specimen PCR	ND		14.5	(7.17- 25.04)
Kujan 2006 UK [47]	Three different sites in the oral cavity	Healthy volunteers	26	> 18	Brushing PCR	ND		3.8	(0.10- 19.64)
Rintala 2005 Finland [46]	Oral mucosa	Husbands of pregnant women (Finnish Family Study)	131		Brushing nested PCR	18	(11.5-24.5)
Eike 1995 Denmark [44]	Oral mucosa	Patients with unrelated diseases and their relatives	31	20-79	Smear PCR	0		0
Van Doornum, 1992 [45]	Tongue and buccal mucosa	Men with multiple heterosexual partners	65	mean age: 38	Swabs PCR	0		0

ND no data, CI confidence interval

^a 26 European countries