Table 5.
Univariate association of risk factors with 90-day thromboembolic events after primary shoulder arthroplasty
| no thromboem bolic event n (%) | 90-day thrombo embolic event n (%) | Univariate Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | p- value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Female (n=2250) | 2218 (98%) | 32 (2%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| Male (n=1769) | 1759 (99%) | 10 (1%) | 0.39 (0.19,0.80) | 0.01 |
| Age | ||||
| ≤60 (n=1255) | 1248 (99%) | 7 (1%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| 61–70 (n=1213) | 1203 (99%) | 10 (1%) | 1.48 (0.56,3.91) | 0.43 |
| > 70 (n=1551) | 1526 (98%) | 25 (2%) | 2.92 (1.26,6.78) | 0.01 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI)a | ||||
| < 24.9 (n=809) | 805 (99.5%) | 4 (0.5%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| 25–29.9 (n=1094) | 1075 (98%) | 19 (2%) | 3.56 (1.21,10.50) | 0.02 |
| ≥30.0 (n=1224) | 1208 (99%) | 16 (1%) | 2.67 (0.89,8.00) | 0.08 |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) b | ||||
| ASA Class 1,2 (n=1725) | 1706 (99%) | 19 (1%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| ASA Class 3 (n=1248) | 1226 (98%) | 22 (2%) | 1.61 (0.87,2.99) | 0.13 |
| ASA Class 4 (n=33) | 32 (97%) | 1 (3%) | 2.81 (0.36,21.60) | 0.32 |
| Deyo-Charlson Index | ||||
| Index =0 (n=2275) | 2261 (99%) | 14 (1%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| Index ≥1 (n=1744) | 1716 (98%) | 28 (2%) | 2.64 (1.38,5.02) | 0.003 |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| RA (n=685) | 681 (99%) | 4 (1%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| Trauma (n=867) | 850 (98%) | 17 (2%) | 3.41 (1.14,10.17) | 0.03 |
| Osteoarthritis (n=1988) | 1975 (99%) | 13 (1%) | 1.12 (0.36,3.45) | 0.84 |
| Other diagnosisc (n=479) | 471 (98%) | 8 (2%) | 2.89 (0.87,9.66) | 0.08 |
| Implant fixation | ||||
| No cement (n=677) | 671 (99%) | 6 (1%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| Cement (n=3342) | 3306 (99%) | 36 (1%) | 1.22 (0.51,2.90) | 0.66 |
| Surgery type | ||||
| HHR (n=1431) | 1406 (98%) | 25 (2%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| TSA (n=2588) | 2571 (99%) | 17 (1%) | 0.37 (0.20,0.69) | 0.002 |
| Prior thromboembolic event | ||||
| no thromboembolic event (n=3912) | 3887 (99%) | 25 (1%) | 1.0 (ref) | |
| prior thromboembolic event (n=107) | 90 (84%) | 17 (16%) | 29.37 (15.32,56.29) | <0.001 |
Significant p-value is in bold; HHR, Humeral Head replacement; TSA, total shoulder arthroplasty
a
available from 9/1/1987 to present;
b
available from 11/1/1988 to present;
c
Other category for underlying diagnosis includes: avascular necrosis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, Charcot arthropathy, dislocation, old injury, prior history of septic arthritis