Table 3b.

Multivariate Logistic Regression Results for Concurrent Sedative Use

Variables	OR (95% C.I)	Overall p-value
Gender		0.0005
Female	1.77 (1.28, 2.44)
Male (reference)	1.0
Age		0.14
65+	0.61 (0.37, 1.01)
45-64	0.83 (0.56, 1.23)
21-44 (reference)	1.0
SUD history		0.0502
Yes	1.35 (1.00, 1.82)
No (reference)	1.0
Depression		0.03
Yes	1.47 (1.04, 2.1)
No (reference)	1.0
Daily Opioid Dose		0.004
120+ mg. MED	2.36 (1.46, 3.80)
50- < 120 mg. MED	2.12 (1.32, 3.41)
20- < 50 mg. MED	1.73 (1.05, 2.8)
1- < 20 mg. MED (reference)	1.0
Number of Pain Conditions for which opioids taken		0.03
Two or more	1.41 (1.04, 1.92)
One (reference)	1.0
Average pain intensity	1.01 (0.94, 1.1)	0.75
Health plan site		0.003
Group Health	0.63 (0.47, 0.85)
KPNC (reference)	1.0

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; C.I., confidence interval; MED, morphine equivalent dose; KPNC, Kaiser Permanente Northern California