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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2012 Jan 10;52(3):689–700. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.12.013

Figure 4. Cell proliferation is increased in the absence of SMA induction in oim/oim and Postn null aortic valve leaflets.

Figure 4

Phospho-Histone H3 (pHH3) immunostaining (red cells, indicated by arrows) was used as an indicator of cell proliferation, and smooth muscle α-actin (SMA) expression (green cells, indicated by arrowheads) also was evaluated in oim/oim (A,B), Postn null (C,D), and Klotho null (E,F) aortic valves in parallel to corresponding controls. Insets in B, D, E, and F, show higher magnification of the pHH3 positive cell (red) in each low magnification panel indicated by an arrow. Note the absence of SMA staining in pHH3 positive cells.