Table 2.
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between vitamin D binding protein, 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D:DBP molar ratio, and risk of pancreatic cancer, ATBC Study, 1985–2004a
| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | p-trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||||||
| DBP | |||||||||
| Range, nmol/L | ≤ 4026 | > 4026 & ≤ 5329 | > 5329 & ≤ 6721 | > 6721 | |||||
| Nb | 87/59 | 58/58 | 31/59 | 58/58 | |||||
| Model 1c | 1.00 | reference | 0.69 | 0.42–1.12 | 0.36 | 0.21–0.63 | 0.66 | 0.39–1.12 | 0.02 |
| Model 2d | 1.00 | reference | 0.74 | 0.44–1.24 | 0.35 | 0.19–0.62 | 0.70 | 0.40–1.22 | 0.03 |
| Model 3e | 1.00 | reference | 0.70 | 0.42–1.19 | 0.35 | 0.20–0.64 | 0.67 | 0.37–1.19 | 0.02 |
| 25(OH)D | |||||||||
| Range f | |||||||||
| Nb | 48/60 | 61/58 | 50/59 | 74/56 | |||||
| Model 1c | 1.00 | reference | 1.33 | 0.79–2.24 | 1.14 | 0.65–1.98 | 1.78 | 1.02–3.11 | 0.08 |
| Model 2d | 1.00 | reference | 1.51 | 0.87–2.62 | 1.21 | 0.68–2.17 | 1.91 | 1.05–3.46 | 0.07 |
| Model 3e | 1.00 | reference | 1.42 | 0.80–2.49 | 1.28 | 0.71–2.33 | 1.81 | 0.97–3.37 | 0.10 |
| 25(OH)D:DBP molar ratio (x103) g | |||||||||
| Range | ≤4.91 | > 4.91 & ≤ 8.07 | > 8.07 & ≤ 11.03 | > 11.03 | |||||
| Nb | 55/59 | 52/58 | 38/58 | 88/58 | |||||
| Model 1c | 1.00 | reference | 1.09 | 0.59–2.03 | 0.81 | 0.43–1.53 | 1.89 | 1.01–3.54 | 0.04 |
| Model 2d | 1.00 | reference | 1.00 | 0.52–1.92 | 0.77 | 0.39–1.50 | 1.86 | 0.97–3.56 | 0.04 |
All models used conditional logistic regression.
N for cases/controls
Model 1 is conditioned on the matching factors of age and date of blood collection.
Model 2 is conditioned on the matching factors of age and date of blood collection, and adjusted for body mass index (continuous), number of cigarettes smoked/day (continuous), years of smoking (continuous), history of diabetes (yes/no), occupational physical activity (heavy vs. no heavy activity), education (> elementary vs. elementary), ethanol intake (quartiles, with separate categories for non-drinkers and missing), and serum retinol (continuous), cholesterol (continuous), β-carotene (continuous) and α-tocopherol (continuous)
Model 3 is the same as Model 2, with additional adjustment for either 25(OH)D or DBP, respectively (quartiles).
Season-specific/laboratory-specific quartiles for the 25(OH)D RIA data were: Q1: ≤ 31.5, Q2: >31.5 and ≤ 45.1, Q3: >45.1 and ≤ 56.7, Q4: > 56.7 nmol/L for the darker months; Q1: ≤ 40.9, Q2: >40.9 and ≤ 54.7, Q3: >54.7 and ≤ 73.4, Q4: > 73.4 nmol/L for sunnier months. Season-specific/laboratory-specific quartiles for the 25(OH)D CLIA data were: Q1: ≤ 18.4, Q2: >18.4 and ≤ 26.8, Q3: >26.8 and ≤ 40.3, Q4: > 40.3 nmol/L for the darker months; Q1: ≤ 29.0, Q2: >29.0 and ≤ 41.5, Q3: >41.5 and ≤ 61.8, Q4: > 61.8 nmol/L for sunnier months.
a proxy for free 25(OH)D