Figure 5. Effect of oral administration of didymin in in vivo mice xenograft study.

Animals were examined daily for signs of tumor growth and body weights were recorded (panel A). Regression of SMS-KCNR neuroblastoma xenografts after didymin treatment in mice: Tumors were measured in two dimensions using calipers. Tumor cross-sectional revealing the regression of neuroblastoma tumors in vivo in didymin treated group relative to controls (panel B). Photographs of animals and tumor were taken during the course of study (panel C). Impact of didymin treatment on the proliferation marker Ki67, angiogenesis marker CD31, and neuroblastoma oncogenic marker N-Myc expression in in vivo mice xenografts: Control and didymin treated SMS-KCNR neuroblastoma bearing nude mice tumor sections were used for histopathologic analyses. IHC analyses for Ki67 expression (marker of cellular proliferation), CD31 (angiogenesis marker), and N-Myc (neuroblastoma oncogenic marker) from tumors in mice of control and didymin-treated groups were performed. Statistical significance of difference was determined by two-tailed Student's t test. p < 0.001, didymin-treated compared with control. Immunoreactivity is evident as a dark brown stain, whereas non-reactive areas display only the background color. Arrows represent the area for positive staining for an antigen. The intensity of antigen staining was quantified by digital image analysis. Bars represent mean ± S.E. (n = 5); * p<0.001 compared with control (panel D).