Table 1.
Patient characteristics in 1998 and 2007
| Characteristic | 1998 | 2007 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | No Acute Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding | Acute Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding | Total | No Acute Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding | Acute Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding | |
| No. of patients (%) | 250,474 | 240,219 (95.9) | 10,255 (4.1) | 341,890 | 329,797 (96.5) | 12,093 (3.5) |
| Age (yr) | 61.2±15.5 | 61.2±15.5 | 62.9±14.8 | 62.4±15.2 | 62.3±15.2 | 63.0±14.8 |
| Male | 130,479 (52.1) | 125,193 (52.1) | 5286 (51.5) | 187,187 (54.8) | 180,693 (54.8) | 6494 (53.7) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8±6.7 (n=157,290) | 25.9±6.7 (n=151,464) | 25.0±6.3 (n=5826) | 28.6±7.6 (n=338,880) | 28.6±7.6 (n=327,394) | 27.9±7.2 (n=11,486) |
| Race | ||||||
| white | 144,077 (57.5) | 138,325 (57.6) | 5752 (56.1) | 195,924 (57.3) | 189,304 (57.4) | 6620 (54.7) |
| black | 93,034 (37.1) | 89,067 (37.1) | 3967 (38.7) | 125,020 (36.6) | 120,200 (36.4) | 4820 (39.9) |
| Asian | 7795 (3.1) | 7483 (3.1) | 312 (3.0) | 13,589 (4) | 13,165 (4.0) | 424 (3.5) |
| Native American | 3638 (1.5) | 3505 (1.5) | 133 (1.3) | 5128 (1.5) | 4979 (1.5) | 149 (1.2) |
| other | 1806 (0.7) | 1719 (0.7) | 87 (0.8) | 2126 (0.6) | 2053 (0.6) | 73 (0.6) |
| missing | 124 (0) | 120 (0.0) | 4 (0.0) | 103 (0) | 96 (0.0) | 7 (0.1) |
| Medicaid eligibility | ||||||
| yes | 127,533 (50.9) | 122,018 (50.8) | 5515 (53.8) | 180,189 (52.7) | 173,122 (52.5) | 7067 (58.4) |
| missing | 45,522 (18.2) | 43,688 (18.2) | 1834 (17.9) | 4132 (1.2) | 4006 (1.2) | 126 (1.0) |
| Dialysis modality | ||||||
| hemodialysis | 218,818 (87.4) | 209,844 (87.4) | 8974 (87.5) | 314,241 (91.9) | 303,045 (91.9) | 11,196 (92.6) |
| peritoneal dialysis | 27,866 (11.1) | 26,724 (11.1) | 1142 (11.1) | 23,694 (6.9) | 22,911 (6.9) | 783 (6.5) |
| missing | 3790 (1.5) | 3651 (1.5) | 139 (1.4) | 3955 (1.2) | 3841 (1.2) | 114 (0.9) |
| Dialysis vintage (yr)a | 1.7 (0.2-4.0) | 1.7 (0.2-4.0) | 1.8 (0.4-4.1) | 2.0 (0.4-4.6) | 2.0 (0.4-4.6) | 2.3 (0.6-4.9) |
| Primary kidney disease | ||||||
| GN | 33,081 (13.2) | 31,929 (13.3) | 1152 (11.2) | 34,183 (10) | 33,171 (10.1) | 1012 (8.4) |
| hypertensive | 74,239 (29.6) | 71,137 (29.6) | 3102 (30.2) | 99,502 (29.1) | 96,035 (29.1) | 3467 (28.7) |
| diabetes | 99,523 (39.7) | 95,100 (39.6) | 4423 (43.1) | 150,228 (43.9) | 144,442 (43.8) | 5786 (47.8) |
| other | 34,707 (13.9) | 33,500 (13.9) | 1207 (11.8) | 45,130 (13.2) | 43,746 (13.3) | 1384 (11.4) |
| missing | 8924 (3.6) | 8553 (3.6) | 371 (3.6) | 12,847 (3.8) | 12,403 (3.8) | 444 (3.7) |
| History of comorbid conditions | ||||||
| diabetes | 129,184 (51.6) | 123,171 (51.3) | 6013 (58.6) | 217,936 (63.7) | 209,270 (63.5) | 8666 (71.7) |
| hypertension | 190,776 (76.2) | 182,439 (75.9) | 8337 (81.3) | 322,096 (94.2) | 310,501 (94.1) | 11,595 (95.9) |
| coronary artery disease | 75,512 (30.1) | 71,792 (29.9) | 3720 (36.3) | 13,1204 (38.4) | 125,609 (38.1) | 5595 (46.3) |
| cerebral vascular disease | 37,303 (14.9) | 35,274 (14.7) | 2029 (19.8) | 67,394 (19.7) | 64,242 (19.5) | 3152 (26.1) |
| heart failure | 109,336 (43.7) | 103,992 (43.3) | 5344 (52.1) | 190,269 (55.7) | 182,531 (55.3) | 7738 (64.0) |
| arrhythmia | 60,101 (24) | 57,000 (23.7) | 3101 (30.2) | 116,267 (34) | 111,135 (33.7) | 5132 (42.4) |
| valvular heart disease | 37,355 (14.9) | 35,244 (14.7) | 2111 (20.6) | 94,080 (27.5) | 89,793 (27.2) | 4287 (35.5) |
| peripheral vascular disease | 67,734 (27) | 64,199 (26.7) | 3535 (34.5) | 127,878 (37.4) | 122,326 (37.1) | 5552 (45.9) |
| COPD | 40,170 (16) | 37,990 (15.8) | 2180 (21.3) | 88,831 (26) | 84,853 (25.7) | 3978 (32.9) |
| cancer | 23,302 (9.3) | 22,181 (9.2) | 1121 (10.9) | 43,407 (12.7) | 41,695 (12.6) | 1712 (14.2) |
| chronic liver disease | 52,032 (20.8) | 49,545 (20.6) | 2487 (24.3) | 39,663 (11.6) | 37,685 (11.4) | 1978 (16.4) |
| past kidney transplant | 13,386 (5.3) | 12,924 (5.4) | 462 (4.5) | 18,955 (5.5) | 18,365 (5.6) | 590 (4.9) |
| acute nonvariceal upper GI bleeding | 1969 (0.8) | 426 (0.2) | 1543 (15.0) | 6701 (2) | 3746 (1.1) | 2955 (24.4) |
| Inability to ambulate | ||||||
| yes | 6215 (2.5) | 5893 (2.5) | 322 (3.1) | 13,501 (3.9) | 12,983 (3.9) | 518 (4.3) |
| missing | 73,999 (29.5) | 70,771 (29.5) | 3228 (31.5) | 10,006 (2.9) | 9627 (2.9) | 379 (3.1) |
| Inability to transfer | ||||||
| yes | 2039 (0.8) | 1920 (0.8) | 119 (1.2) | 5607 (1.6) | 5372 (1.6) | 235 (1.9) |
| missing | 74,000 (29.5) | 70,772 (29.5) | 3228 (31.5) | 10,007 (2.9) | 9628 (2.9) | 379 (3.1) |
| Alcohol dependence | ||||||
| yes | 2648 (1.1) | 2497 (1.0) | 151 (1.5) | 4399 (1.3) | 4154 (1.3) | 245 (2.0) |
| missing | 74,000 (29.5) | 70,772 (29.5) | 3228 (31.5) | 10,007 (2.9) | 9628 (2.9) | 379 (3.1) |
| Drug dependence | ||||||
| yes | 1654 (0.7) | 1583 (0.7) | 71 (0.7) | 4022 (1.2) | 3817 (1.2) | 205 (1.7) |
| missing | 74,000 (29.5) | 70,772 (29.5) | 3228 (31.5) | 10,007 (2.9) | 9628 (2.9) | 379 (3.1) |
| Tobacco use | ||||||
| yes | 9552 (3.8) | 9139 (3.8) | 413 (4.0) | 19,324 (5.7) | 18,508 (5.6) | 816 (6.7) |
| missing | 74,000 (29.5) | 70,772 (29.5) | 3228 (31.5) | 10,006 (2.9) | 9627 (2.9) | 379 (3.1) |
Values expressed with a plus/minus sign are the mean ± SD. Unless other wise noted, other values are number of patients (percentage). COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
a
Data are the median (interquartile range).