Table 2. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for clinically significant BSI caused by mycobacterial or other bacterial infection in HIV-infected outpatients, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, September 2006–July 2008*.
| Characteristic | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for BSI |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Any pathogen† | Mycobacteria‡ | Bacteria§ | |
| CD4 cell count <100/mm3 | 5.8 (2.5–13.7) | 11.2 (3.0–41.3) | – |
| Female sex | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | – | – |
| Fever in past 24 h | – | – | 4.7 (1.2–17.6) |
| Loss of appetite in past 24 h | 2.0 (1.0–3.9) | – | – |
| Nausea or vomiting in past 24 h | 2.5 (1.2–5.0) | – | – |
| Shaking chills in past 24 h | – | 3.1 (1.1–9.1) | – |
| Difficulty breathing | – | 4.1 (1.5–11.1) | – |
| Diarrhea in past 24 h | – | 4.2 (1.6–11.3) | – |
| Jaundice | – | – | 12.5 (1.4–112.3) |
| Ever injected drug | – | – | – |
| Temperature >38°C | 3.2 (1.6–6.3) | 5.7 (2.1–15.4) | – |
| Heart rate >100 bpm | – | – | – |
| Oral hairy leukoplakia | 2.8 (1.4–5.7) | – | – |
| Hemoglobin level <12 g/dL | 4.8 (2.0–11.7) | – | – |
| Leukocyte count >12 × 103/µL | 3.7 (1.4–9.3) | 15.3 (4.9–48.2) | – |
| Thrombocyte count <100,000 cells/µL | – | 7.0 (1.8–27.6) | – |
| Paratracheal adenopathy on chest radiograph | 5.0 (2.1–11.6) | 11.3 (3.7–34.3) | – |
| Miliary pattern on chest radiograph | 6.0 (1.8–19.5) | 14.2 (3.4–58.6) | – |
| Took antimicrobial medication other than cotrimoxazole | – | 5.1 (1.6–16.8) | – |
*BSI, bloodstream infection; CI, confidence interval; bpm, beats per minute; –, variable was not included in the model. †1,961 patients in final model. ‡1,944 patients in final model. §1,961 patients in final model.