Table 1.

List of Selected Patents related to HSC Development and Clinical Application

Patent No./ Issued Year	Title of the Patent and Brief Description	Inventions
1. US 6455678 [178] (09/24/2002)	Human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell antigen: Methods for the enrichment and charac- terization of human hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells. Antigen AC133 can be used for the identification and/or separation of HSCs.	Identification of HSC
2. US 5283354 [179] (02/01/1994)	Nucleic acids encoding hematopoietic stem cells receptors Flk-1:Isolated mammalian nucleic acid molecules encoding receptor protein tyrosine kinases expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells and not expressed in mature hematopoietic cells.	Identification of HSC
3. US 7718379 [180] (05/18/2010)	Identifying hematopoietic stem cells based on cell surface markers: Method of identifying a HSC or progeny using the marker of carbohydrate sequence (glucuronic acid or N-acetylglucosamine)	Identification of HSC
4. US 7850960 [181] (12/14/2010)	Methods for regulation of stem cells: Method for increasing the successful activity of stem and progenitor cells like HSC and other types of stem cells.	Regulation of HSC self- renewal and differentia- tion
5. US 5523286 [182] (06/04/1996)	Stroma-derived proteoglycan containing composition, which promotes differentiation and main- tains the self-renewal capacity of long-term bone marrow culture initiating cells.	Regulation of HSC self- renewal and differentia- tion
6. US 6887704 [183] (05/03/2005)	Methods of controlling proliferation and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells.	Regulation of HSC self- renewal and differentia- tion
7. US 5905041 [184] (05/18/1999)	Process for preparing and cultivating hematopoietic progenitor cells: The in vitro production of non-immortalized hematopoietic progenitor cells of the erythroid lineage.	Regulation of HSC self- renewal and differentia- tion
8. US 5851984 [185] (12/22/1998)	Method of enhancing proliferation or differentiation of HSC using Wnt polypeptides.	Regulation of HSC pro- liferation and differentia- tion
9.WO2010052580 [186] (08/19/2010)	HSC self-renewal: The invention is related to methods to culture hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in vitro. The methods describe about maintaining/expanding stem cells in undifferentiated state. Stem cells were cultured with small molecule that activates signaling pathways activated by Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family 8 and cells were used for treating malignancy.	HSC self-renewal
10. WO2010017551 [187] (11/2/2010)	Method for promoting hematopoietic stem cell self renewal and expansion using MIR-125A. In- creased expression of mir-125A increased HSC self-renewal by 6-30 folds, which can be used to expand HSCs ex vivo and in vivo.	Regulation of HSC self- renewal
11. WO04085616 [188] (07/10/2004)	Methods for regulating self-renewal of stem cells (mouse and human) by modulating the function and/or activity of target factors, includes AML1, C/EBPa, and/or PU.1 either individually, or in combinations.	Regulation of HSC self- renewal
12. US 20090285786 [189] (11/19/2009)	Method to modulate hematopoietic stem cell growth: Methods for modulating hematopoietic stem cells using HCS modulators, which are agents that either increase HSC numbers or decrease HSC numbers as desired by a particular indication.	HSC growth
13. US 6613565 [190] (09/02/2003)	Use of delta-like protein to inhibit differentiation of stem cells: Fetal liver microenvironment was mimicked to show the importance HSC microenvironment.	Regulation of HSC niche
14. US 6841386 [191] (01/11/2005)	Modulation of primary stem cell differentiation using an insulin-like growth factor binding pro- tein: The regulation of HSC differentiation or self renewal by specific peptides.	Regulation of HSC dif- ferentiation
15. US 6136952 [192] (10/24/2000)	Human Jagged polypeptide, encoding nucleic acids and method of use: Isolated polypeptide, which can inhibit HSC differentiation.	Regulation of HSC dif- ferentiation
16. US 7744927 [193] (06/29/2010)	Methods of promoting hematopoietic and mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation: Describes hematopoietic and mesenchymal lineage specific cell proliferation and differentiation in presence of angiotensinogen, angiotensin 1 and other angiotensin analogues.	Regulation of HSC pro- liferation and differentia- tion
17. US 5677139 [194] (10/14/1997)	In vitro differentiation of CD34+ progenitor cells into lymphocytes: Method for production of T cell population.	HSC differentiation
18. US 5830760 [195] (11/03/1998)	Creating novel hematopoietic cell lines by expressing altered retinoic acid receptors: To establish continuous SCF dependent lympho-hematopoietic progenitor cell lines capable of differentiating into erythroid, myeloid and B lymphocytic and other blood cell lineages.	Genetic regulation of differentiation
19. US 6159461 [196] (12/12/2000)	Use of c-kit ligand with TNF-a and hematopoietic factors for the expansion and differentiation of hematopoietic cells: Method describes composition of factors useful for expansion and differentia- tion of HSC.	Regulation of HSC pro- liferation and differentia- tion
20. US 5214133 [197] (05/25/1993)	SCL: a hematopoietic growth and differentiation factor: Invention identified the role of SCL in HSC differentiation into specific lineages.	Genetic regulation of differentiation
21.US 5837507 [198] (11/17/1998)	HOX-induced enhancement of in vivo and in vitro proliferative capacity and gene therapeutic methods: Method demonstrates the role of HOXB4 in HSC self-renewal and proliferation.	Genetic regulation of HSC self-renewal
22.US 6093531 [199] (07/25/2000)	Generation of hematopoietic cells from multipotent neural stem cells: Method describing genera- tion of hematopoietic system by stimulating multipotent neural stem cell	Trans-differentiation
23. US 6872812 [200] (03/29/2005)	Hepp, a novel gene with a role in hematopoietic and neural development: Invention is directed to isolated Hepp gene and protein, which has a role in mammalian hematopoiesis.	Genetic regulation of hematopoietic develop- ment
24.US 5750397 [201] (05/12/1998)	Human hematopoietic stem cell: Method describes isolation of homogenous human hematopoietic stem cells and determines of their potential.	Identification of human HSC
25. US20060140912 [202] (06/29/2006)	Methods for enhancing engraftment of purified hematopoietic stem cells in allogeneic recipients: Provides a method of achieving a higher rate of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell engraftment by either matching the major histocompatibility complex class I K locus between donors and recipi- ents or identifying how class I K on HSC interact with FC (CD8/33Kd receptor complex).	Allogeneic HSC trans- plantation
26. US20070098693 [203] (05/03/2007)	Methods for enhancing engraftment of purified hematopoietic stem cells in allogeneic recipients: CD8~7TCR~ bone marrow cells facilitate engraftment of hemapoietic stem cells. The invention defines a direct functional role for p-preDC in HSC engraftment and will have a significant impact on strategies to design effective cell-based therapies for transplantation	Allogeneic HSC trans- plantation
27. US 5192553 [204] (03/09/1993)	Isolation and preservation of fetal and neonatal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of the blood and methods of therapeutic use: Invention describes the therapeutic use of HSC obtained from preserved neonatal and fetal blood.	HSC transplantation
28. US 5800539 [205] (09/01/1998)	Method of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation without graft failure or graft vs. host disease: Method of transplanting hematopoietic system reconstituting cells from a donor into an allogeneic recipient.	HSC transplantation
29. US 6143292 [206] (11/07/2000)	Allogeneic cell therapy for cancer following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: Methods de- scribe procedure for treatment of cancer patient who has undergone a cancer therapy along with allogeneic stem cell transplantation.	HSC transplantation
30. US20050129665 [207] 06/16 /2005	Isolated lineage negative hematopoietic stem cells and methods of treatment therewith: Isolated, mammalian, adult bone marrow-derived, lineage negative hematopoietic stem cell populations contain endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) capable of rescuing retinal blood vessels and neuronal networks in the eye.	HSC transplantation
31. US 7645447 [208] (01/12/2010)	Treating retinal degeneration caused by retinal vein occlusion or retinal ischemia: Method of treat- ing retinal degeneration by peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell along with granulocyte- colony stimulating factor.	HSC transplantation